On Mon, Oct 16, 2023 at 04:16:05PM +0800, Liu, Jingqi wrote: > @@ -88,10 +90,19 @@ iommufd_hw_pagetable_alloc(struct iommufd_ctx *ictx, struct iommufd_ioas *ioas, > refcount_inc(&ioas->obj.users); > hwpt->ioas = ioas; > > - hwpt->domain = iommu_domain_alloc(idev->dev->bus); > - if (!hwpt->domain) { > - rc = -ENOMEM; > - goto out_abort; > + if (ops->domain_alloc_user) { > + hwpt->domain = ops->domain_alloc_user(idev->dev, 0); > > Seems a "flags" parameter needs to be passed to 'domain_alloc_user()'. > Like this: > hwpt->domain = ops->domain_alloc_user(idev->dev, flags); There's no "flags" parameter until the following PATCH-3: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-iommu/20230928071528.26258-4-yi.l.liu@xxxxxxxxx/ Thanks Nicolin