On 5/15/23 06:05, jeffxu@xxxxxxxxxxxx wrote: > --- a/arch/x86/mm/pkeys.c > +++ b/arch/x86/mm/pkeys.c > @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ int __execute_only_pkey(struct mm_struct *mm) > /* Do we need to assign a pkey for mm's execute-only maps? */ > if (execute_only_pkey == -1) { > /* Go allocate one to use, which might fail */ > - execute_only_pkey = mm_pkey_alloc(mm); > + execute_only_pkey = mm_pkey_alloc(mm, 0); > if (execute_only_pkey < 0) > return -1; > need_to_set_mm_pkey = true; In your threat model, what mechanism prevents the attacker from modifying executable mappings? I was trying to figure out if the implicit execute-only pkey should have the PKEY_ENFORCE_API bit set. I think that in particular would probably cause some kind of ABI breakage, but it still reminded me that I have an incomplete picture of the threat model.