Re: [PATCH v4 00/21] AMX Support in KVM

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On 12/29/21 14:13, Yang Zhong wrote:
Highly appreciate for your review. This version mostly addressed the comments
from Sean. Most comments are adopted except three which are not closed and
need more discussions:

   - Move the entire xfd write emulation code to x86.c. Doing so requires
     introducing a new kvm_x86_ops callback to disable msr write bitmap.
     According to Paolo's earlier comment he prefers to handle it in vmx.c.

Yes, I do.

   - Directly check msr_bitmap in update_exception_bitmap() (for
     trapping #NM) and vcpu_enter_guest() (for syncing guest xfd after
     vm-exit) instead of introducing an extra flag in the last patch. However,
     doing so requires another new kvm_x86_ops callback for checking
     msr_bitmap since vcpu_enter_guest() is x86 common code. Having an
     extra flag sounds simpler here (at least for the initial AMX support).
     It does penalize nested guest with one xfd sync per exit, but it's not
     worse than a normal guest which initializes xfd but doesn't run
     AMX applications at all. Those could be improved afterwards.

The thing to do here would be to move MAX_POSSIBLE_PASSTHROUGH_MSRS/MAX_DIRECT_ACCESS_MSRS from VMX/SVM to core code. For now we can keep the flag.

   - Disable #NM trap for nested guest. This version still chooses to always
     trap #NM (regardless in L1 or L2) as long as xfd write interception is disabled.
     In reality #NM is rare if nested guest doesn't intend to run AMX applications
     and always-trap is safer than dynamic trap for the basic support in case
     of any oversight here.

Sean was justifying this with lack of support for nested AMX, but I'm not sure actually what is missing at all. That is, an L1 hypervisor could expose AMX to L2, and then an L2->L0->L2 exit/reentry would have to trap #NM. Otherwise it would miss an XFD_ERR update.

So the patches look good now.

Paolo

(Jing is temporarily leave for family reason, Yang helped work out this version)

----
v3->v4:
   - Verify kvm selftest for AMX (Paolo)
   - Move fpstate buffer expansion from kvm_vcpu_after_set_cpuid () to
     kvm_check_cpuid() and improve patch description (Sean)
   - Drop 'preemption' word in #NM interception patch (Sean)
   - Remove 'trap_nm' flag. Replace it by: (Sean)
     * Trapping #NM according to guest_fpu::xfd when write to xfd is
       intercepted.
     * Always trapping #NM when xfd write interception is disabled
   - Use better name for #NM related functions (Sean)
   - Drop '#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64' in __kvm_set_xcr (Sean)
   - Update description for KVM_CAP_XSAVE2 and prevent the guest from
     using the wrong ioctl (Sean)
   - Replace 'xfd_out_of_sync' with a better name (Sean)

v2->v3:
   - Trap #NM until write IA32_XFD with a non-zero value (Thomas)
   - Revise return value in __xstate_request_perm() (Thomas)
   - Revise doc for KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID (Paolo)
   - Add Thomas's reviewed-by on one patch
   - Reorder disabling read interception of XFD_ERR patch (Paolo)
   - Move disabling r/w interception of XFD from x86.c to vmx.c (Paolo)
   - Provide the API doc together with the new KVM_GET_XSAVE2 ioctl (Paolo)
   - Make KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_XSAVE2) return minimum size of struct
     kvm_xsave (4K) (Paolo)
   - Request permission at the start of vm_create_with_vcpus() in selftest
   - Request permission conditionally when XFD is supported (Paolo)

v1->v2:
   - Live migration supported and verified with a selftest
   - Rebase to Thomas's new series for guest fpstate reallocation [1]
   - Expand fpstate at KVM_SET_CPUID2 instead of when emulating XCR0
     and IA32_XFD (Thomas/Paolo)
   - Accordingly remove all exit-to-userspace stuff
   - Intercept #NM to save guest XFD_ERR and restore host/guest value
     at preemption on/off boundary (Thomas)
   - Accordingly remove all xfd_err logic in preemption callback and
     fpu_swap_kvm_fpstate()
   - Reuse KVM_SET_XSAVE to handle both legacy and expanded buffer (Paolo)
   - Don't return dynamic bits w/o prctl() in KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID (Paolo)
   - Check guest permissions for dynamic features in CPUID[0xD] instead
     of only for AMX at KVM_SET_CPUID (Paolo)
   - Remove dynamic bit check for 32-bit guest in __kvm_set_xcr() (Paolo)
   - Fix CPUID emulation for 0x1d and 0x1e (Paolo)
   - Move "disable interception" to the end of the series (Paolo)

This series brings AMX (Advanced Matrix eXtensions) virtualization support
to KVM. The preparatory series from Thomas [1] is also included.

A large portion of the changes in this series is to deal with eXtended
Feature Disable (XFD) which allows resizing of the fpstate buffer to
support dynamically-enabled XSTATE features with large state component
(e.g. 8K for AMX).

There are a lot of simplications when comparing v2/v3 to the original
proposal [2] and the first version [3]. Thanks to Thomas and Paolo for
many good suggestions.

The support is based on following key changes:

   - Guest permissions for dynamically-enabled XSAVE features

     Native tasks have to request permission via prctl() before touching
     a dynamic-resized XSTATE compoenent. Introduce guest permissions
     for the similar purpose. Userspace VMM is expected to request guest
     permission only once when the first vCPU is created.

     KVM checks guest permission in KVM_SET_CPUID2. Setting XFD in guest
     cpuid w/o proper permissions fails this operation. In the meantime,
     unpermitted features are also excluded in KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID.

   - Extend fpstate reallocation mechanism to cover guest fpu

     Unlike native tasks which have reallocation triggered from #NM
     handler, guest fpstate reallocation is requested by KVM when it
     identifies the intention on using dynamically-enabled XSAVE
     features inside guest.

     Extend fpu core to allow KVM request fpstate buffer expansion
     for a guest fpu containter.

   - Trigger fpstate reallocation in KVM

     This could be done either statically (before guest runs) or
     dynamically (in the emulation path). According to discussion [1]
     we decide to statically enable all xfeatures allowed by guest perm
     in KVM_SET_CPUID2, with fpstate buffer sized accordingly. This spares
     a lot of code and also avoid imposing an ordered restore sequence
     (XCR0, XFD and XSTATE) to userspace VMM.

   - RDMSR/WRMSR emulation for IA32_XFD

     Because fpstate expansion is completed in KVM_SET_CPUID2, emulating
     r/w access to IA32_XFD simply involves the xfd field in the guest
     fpu container. If write and guest fpu is currently active, the
     software state (guest_fpstate::xfd and per-cpu xfd cache) is also
     updated.

   - RDMSR/WRMSR emulation for XFD_ERR

     When XFD causes an instruction to generate #NM, XFD_ERR contains
     information about which disabled state components are being accessed.
     It'd be problematic if the XFD_ERR value generated in guest is
     consumed/clobbered by the host before the guest itself doing so.

     Intercept #NM exception to save the guest XFD_ERR value when write
     IA32_XFD with a non-zero value for 1st time. There is at most one
     interception per guest task given a dynamic feature.

     RDMSR/WRMSR emulation uses the saved value. The host value (always
     ZERO outside of the host #NM handler) is restored before enabling
     preemption. The saved guest value is restored right before entering
     the guest (with preemption disabled).

   - Get/set dynamic xfeature state for migration

     Introduce new capability (KVM_CAP_XSAVE2) to deal with >4KB fpstate
     buffer. Reading this capability returns the size of the current
     guest fpstate (e.g. after expansion). Userspace VMM uses a new ioctl
     (KVM_GET_XSAVE2) to read guest fpstate from the kernel and reuses
     the existing ioctl (KVM_SET_XSAVE) to update guest fpsate to the
     kernel. KVM_SET_XSAVE is extended to do properly_sized memdup_user()
     based on the guest fpstate.

   - Expose related cpuid bits to guest

     The last step is to allow exposing XFD, AMX_TILE, AMX_INT8 and
     AMX_BF16 in guest cpuid. Adding those bits into kvm_cpu_caps finally
     activates all previous logics in this series

   - Optimization: disable interception for IA32_XFD

     IA32_XFD can be frequently updated by the guest, as it is part of
     the task state and swapped in context switch when prev and next have
     different XFD setting. Always intercepting WRMSR can easily cause
     non-negligible overhead.

     Disable r/w emulation for IA32_XFD after intercepting the first
     WRMSR(IA32_XFD) with a non-zero value. However MSR passthrough
     implies the software state (guest_fpstate::xfd and per-cpu xfd
     cache) might be out of sync with MSR. This suggests KVM needs to
     re-sync them at VM-exit before preemption is enabled.

Thanks Jun Nakajima and Kevin Tian for the design suggestions when this
version is being internally worked on.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211214022825.563892248@xxxxxxxxxxxxx/
[2] https://www.spinics.net/lists/kvm/msg259015.html
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20211208000359.2853257-1-yang.zhong@xxxxxxxxx/

Thanks,
Yang

---


Guang Zeng (1):
   kvm: x86: Add support for getting/setting expanded xstate buffer

Jing Liu (11):
   kvm: x86: Fix xstate_required_size() to follow XSTATE alignment rule
   kvm: x86: Exclude unpermitted xfeatures at KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID
   x86/fpu: Make XFD initialization in __fpstate_reset() a function
     argument
   kvm: x86: Check and enable permitted dynamic xfeatures at
     KVM_SET_CPUID2
   kvm: x86: Add emulation for IA32_XFD
   x86/fpu: Prepare xfd_err in struct fpu_guest
   kvm: x86: Intercept #NM for saving IA32_XFD_ERR
   kvm: x86: Emulate IA32_XFD_ERR for guest
   kvm: x86: Disable RDMSR interception of IA32_XFD_ERR
   kvm: x86: Add XCR0 support for Intel AMX
   kvm: x86: Add CPUID support for Intel AMX

Kevin Tian (3):
   x86/fpu: Provide fpu_update_guest_perm_features() for guest
   x86/fpu: Provide fpu_update_guest_xfd() for IA32_XFD emulation
   kvm: x86: Disable interception for IA32_XFD on demand

Thomas Gleixner (5):
   x86/fpu: Extend fpu_xstate_prctl() with guest permissions
   x86/fpu: Prepare guest FPU for dynamically enabled FPU features
   x86/fpu: Add guest support to xfd_enable_feature()
   x86/fpu: Add uabi_size to guest_fpu
   x86/fpu: Provide fpu_sync_guest_vmexit_xfd_state()

Wei Wang (1):
   kvm: selftests: Add support for KVM_CAP_XSAVE2

  Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst                |  46 +++++-
  arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h            |   2 +
  arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/api.h                |  11 ++
  arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/types.h              |  32 ++++
  arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h               |   1 +
  arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h               |  16 +-
  arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h             |  26 ++--
  arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c                    | 104 ++++++++++++-
  arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c                  | 147 +++++++++++-------
  arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h                  |  15 +-
  arch/x86/kernel/process.c                     |   2 +
  arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c                          |  99 +++++++++---
  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmcs.h                       |   5 +
  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c                        |  45 +++++-
  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h                        |   2 +-
  arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                            | 105 ++++++++++++-
  include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                      |   4 +
  tools/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h         |  16 +-
  tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                |   3 +
  .../testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h  |   2 +
  .../selftests/kvm/include/x86_64/processor.h  |  10 ++
  tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    |  32 ++++
  .../selftests/kvm/lib/x86_64/processor.c      |  67 +++++++-
  .../testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/evmcs_test.c |   2 +-
  tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/smm_test.c |   2 +-
  .../testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/state_test.c |   2 +-
  .../kvm/x86_64/vmx_preemption_timer_test.c    |   2 +-
  27 files changed, 691 insertions(+), 109 deletions(-)





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