Hello Steffen Klassert, The patch 172bf009c18d: "xfrm: Support GRO for IPv4 ESP in UDP encapsulation" from Oct 4, 2023 (linux-next), leads to the following Smatch static checker warning: net/ipv6/xfrm6_input.c:174 xfrm6_udp_encap_rcv() warn: passing freed memory 'skb' net/ipv6/xfrm6_input.c 168 int xfrm6_udp_encap_rcv(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb) 169 { 170 int ret; 171 172 ret = __xfrm6_udp_encap_rcv(sk, skb, true); The xfrm4_udp_encap_rcv() function frees skb and returns zero. 173 if (!ret) --> 174 return xfrm6_rcv_encap(skb, IPPROTO_ESP, 0, ^^^ Use after free 175 udp_sk(sk)->encap_type); 176 177 if (ret < 0) { 178 kfree_skb(skb); 179 return 0; 180 } 181 182 return ret; 183 } regards, dan carpenter