Al, I was wondering about the struct page rules of iov_iter_get_pages_alloc(), used in various places. There's no documentation whatsoever in lib/iov_iter.c, nor in include/linux/uio.h, and the changelog that introduced it only says: commit 91f79c43d1b54d7154b118860d81b39bad07dfff Author: Al Viro <viro@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Date: Fri Mar 21 04:58:33 2014 -0400 new helper: iov_iter_get_pages_alloc() same as iov_iter_get_pages(), except that pages array is allocated (kmalloc if possible, vmalloc if that fails) and left for caller to free. Lustre and NFS ->direct_IO() switched to it. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> So if code does iov_iter_get_pages_alloc() on a user address that has a real struct page behind it - and some other code does a regular get_user_pages() on it, we'll have two sets of struct page descriptors, the 'real' one, and a fake allocated one, right? How does that work? Nobody else can ever discover these fake page structs, so they don't really serve any 'real' synchronization purpose other than the limited role of IO completion. Thanks, Ingo -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-fsdevel" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html