From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@xxxxxxxxxx>
Doing writeback on lots of little files causes terrible IOPS storms
because of the per-mapping writeback plugging we do. This
essentially causes imeediate dispatch of IO for each mapping,
regardless of the context in which writeback is occurring.
IOWs, running a concurrent write-lots-of-small 4k files using fsmark
on XFS results in a huge number of IOPS being issued for data
writes. Metadata writes are sorted and plugged at a high level by
XFS, so aggregate nicely into large IOs. However, data writeback IOs
are dispatched in individual 4k IOs, even when the blocks of two
consecutively written files are adjacent.
Test VM: 8p, 8GB RAM, 4xSSD in RAID0, 100TB sparse XFS filesystem,
metadata CRCs enabled.
Kernel: 3.10-rc5 + xfsdev + my 3.11 xfs queue (~70 patches)
Test:
$ ./fs_mark -D 10000 -S0 -n 10000 -s 4096 -L 120 -d
/mnt/scratch/0 -d /mnt/scratch/1 -d /mnt/scratch/2 -d
/mnt/scratch/3 -d /mnt/scratch/4 -d /mnt/scratch/5 -d
/mnt/scratch/6 -d /mnt/scratch/7
Result:
wall sys create rate Physical write IO
time CPU (avg files/s) IOPS Bandwidth
----- ----- ------------ ------ ---------
unpatched 6m56s 15m47s 24,000+/-500 26,000 130MB/s
patched 5m06s 13m28s 32,800+/-600 1,500 180MB/s
improvement -26.44% -14.68% +36.67% -94.23% +38.46%
If I use zero length files, this workload at about 500 IOPS, so
plugging drops the data IOs from roughly 25,500/s to 1000/s.
3 lines of code, 35% better throughput for 15% less CPU.
The benefits of plugging at this layer are likely to be higher for
spinning media as the IO patterns for this workload are going make a
much bigger difference on high IO latency devices.....
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@xxxxxxx>
---
fs/fs-writeback.c | 3 +++
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
index e907052..a9ff2b7 100644
--- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
+++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
@@ -659,7 +659,9 @@ static long writeback_sb_inodes(struct super_block *sb,
unsigned long start_time = jiffies;
long write_chunk;
long wrote = 0; /* count both pages and inodes */
+ struct blk_plug plug;
+ blk_start_plug(&plug);
while (!list_empty(&wb->b_io)) {
struct inode *inode = wb_inode(wb->b_io.prev);
@@ -756,6 +758,7 @@ static long writeback_sb_inodes(struct super_block *sb,
break;
}
}
+ blk_finish_plug(&plug);
return wrote;
}
--
1.9.3
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