Summary
=======
This introduces FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL which will allows userspace to
implement something like mount -t ext4 --exclusive /dev/sda /B which
fails if a superblock for the requested filesystem does already exist:
Before this patch
-----------------
$ sudo ./move-mount -f xfs -o source=/dev/sda4 /A
Requesting filesystem type xfs
Mount options requested: source=/dev/sda4
Attaching mount at /A
Moving single attached mount
Setting key(source) with val(/dev/sda4)
$ sudo ./move-mount -f xfs -o source=/dev/sda4 /B
Requesting filesystem type xfs
Mount options requested: source=/dev/sda4
Attaching mount at /B
Moving single attached mount
Setting key(source) with val(/dev/sda4)
After this patch with --exclusive as a switch for FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ sudo ./move-mount -f xfs --exclusive -o source=/dev/sda4 /A
Requesting filesystem type xfs
Request exclusive superblock creation
Mount options requested: source=/dev/sda4
Attaching mount at /A
Moving single attached mount
Setting key(source) with val(/dev/sda4)
$ sudo ./move-mount -f xfs --exclusive -o source=/dev/sda4 /B
Requesting filesystem type xfs
Request exclusive superblock creation
Mount options requested: source=/dev/sda4
Attaching mount at /B
Moving single attached mount
Setting key(source) with val(/dev/sda4)
Device or resource busy | move-mount.c: 300: do_fsconfig: i xfs: reusing existing filesystem not allowed
Details
=======
As mentioned on the list (cf. [1]-[3]) mount requests like
mount -t ext4 /dev/sda /A are ambigous for userspace. Either a new
superblock has been created and mounted or an existing superblock has
been reused and a bind-mount has been created.
This becomes clear in the following example where two processes create
the same mount for the same block device:
P1 P2
fd_fs = fsopen("ext4"); fd_fs = fsopen("ext4");
fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, "source", "/dev/sda"); fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, "source", "/dev/sda");
fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, "dax", "always"); fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, "resuid", "1000");
// wins and creates superblock
fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE, ...)
// finds compatible superblock of P1
// spins until P1 sets SB_BORN and grabs a reference
fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE, ...)
fd_mnt1 = fsmount(fd_fs); fd_mnt2 = fsmount(fd_fs);
move_mount(fd_mnt1, "/A") move_mount(fd_mnt2, "/B")
Not just does P2 get a bind-mount but the mount options that P2
requestes are silently ignored. The VFS itself doesn't, can't and
shouldn't enforce filesystem specific mount option compatibility. It
only enforces incompatibility for read-only <-> read-write transitions:
mount -t ext4 /dev/sda /A
mount -t ext4 -o ro /dev/sda /B
The read-only request will fail with EBUSY as the VFS can't just
silently transition a superblock from read-write to read-only or vica
versa without risking security issues.
To userspace this silent superblock reuse can become a security issue in
because there is currently no straightforward way for userspace to know
that they did indeed manage to create a new superblock and didn't just
reuse an existing one.
This adds a new FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL command to fsconfig() that
returns EBUSY if an existing superblock would be reused. Userspace that
needs to be sure that it did create a new superblock with the requested
mount options can request superblock creation using this command. If the
command succeeds they can be sure that they did create a new superblock
with the requested mount options.
This requires the new mount api. With the old mount api it would be
necessary to plumb this through every legacy filesystem's
file_system_type->mount() method. If they want this feature they are
most welcome to switch to the new mount api.
Following is an analysis of the effect of FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL on
each high-level superblock creation helper:
(1) get_tree_nodev()
Always allocate new superblock. Hence, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE and
FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL are equivalent.
The binderfs or overlayfs filesystems are examples.
(4) get_tree_keyed()
Finds an existing superblock based on sb->s_fs_info. Hence,
FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE would reuse an existing superblock whereas
FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL would reject it with EBUSY.
The mqueue or nfsd filesystems are examples.
(2) get_tree_bdev()
This effectively works like get_tree_keyed().
The ext4 or xfs filesystems are examples.
(3) get_tree_single()
Only one superblock of this filesystem type can ever exist.
Hence, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE would reuse an existing superblock
whereas FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL would reject it with EBUSY.
The securityfs or configfs filesystems are examples.
Note that some single-instance filesystems never destroy the
superblock once it has been created during the first mount. For
example, if securityfs has been mounted at least onces then the
created superblock will never be destroyed again as long as there is
still an LSM making use it. Consequently, even if securityfs is
unmounted and the superblock seemingly destroyed it really isn't
which means that FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL will continue rejecting
reusing an existing superblock.
This is acceptable thugh since special purpose filesystems such as
this shouldn't have a need to use FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL anyway
and if they do it's probably to make sure that mount options aren't
ignored.
Following is an analysis of the effect of FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL on
filesystems that make use of the low-level sget_fc() helper directly.
They're all effectively variants on get_tree_keyed(), get_tree_bdev(),
or get_tree_nodev():
(5) mtd_get_sb()
Similar logic to get_tree_keyed().
(6) afs_get_tree()
Similar logic to get_tree_keyed().
(7) ceph_get_tree()
Similar logic to get_tree_keyed().
Already explicitly allows forcing the allocation of a new superblock
via CEPH_OPT_NOSHARE. This turns it into get_tree_nodev().
(8) fuse_get_tree_submount()
Similar logic to get_tree_nodev().
(9) fuse_get_tree()
Forces reuse of existing FUSE superblock.
Forces reuse of existing superblock if passed in file refers to an
existing FUSE connection.
If FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL is specified together with an fd
referring to an existing FUSE connections this would cause the
superblock reusal to fail. If reusing is the intent then
FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL shouldn't be specified.
(10) fuse_get_tree()
-> get_tree_nodev()
Same logic as in get_tree_nodev().
(11) fuse_get_tree()
-> get_tree_bdev()
Same logic as in get_tree_bdev().
(12) virtio_fs_get_tree()
Same logic as get_tree_keyed().
(13) gfs2_meta_get_tree()
Forces reuse of existing gfs2 superblock.
Mounting gfs2meta enforces that a gf2s superblock must already
exist. If not, it will error out. Consequently, mounting gfs2meta
with FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL would always fail. If reusing is the
intent then FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL shouldn't be specified.
(14) kernfs_get_tree()
Similar logic to get_tree_keyed().
(15) nfs_get_tree_common()
Similar logic to get_tree_keyed().
Already explicitly allows forcing the allocation of a new superblock
via NFS_MOUNT_UNSHARED. This effectively turns it into
get_tree_nodev().
Link: [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/20230704-fasching-wertarbeit-7c6ffb01c83d@brauner
Link: [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/20230705-pumpwerk-vielversprechend-a4b1fd947b65@brauner
Link: [3] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/20230725-einnahmen-warnschilder-17779aec0a97@brauner
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
fs/fs_context.c | 1 +
fs/fsopen.c | 12 ++++++++++--
fs/super.c | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
include/linux/fs_context.h | 1 +
include/uapi/linux/mount.h | 3 ++-
5 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
diff --git a/fs/fs_context.c b/fs/fs_context.c
index 851214d1d013..30d82d2979af 100644
--- a/fs/fs_context.c
+++ b/fs/fs_context.c
@@ -692,6 +692,7 @@ void vfs_clean_context(struct fs_context *fc)
security_free_mnt_opts(&fc->security);
kfree(fc->source);
fc->source = NULL;
+ fc->exclusive = false;
fc->purpose = FS_CONTEXT_FOR_RECONFIGURE;
fc->phase = FS_CONTEXT_AWAITING_RECONF;
diff --git a/fs/fsopen.c b/fs/fsopen.c
index a69b7c9cc59c..ce03f6521c88 100644
--- a/fs/fsopen.c
+++ b/fs/fsopen.c
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(fspick, int, dfd, const char __user *, path, unsigned int, flags
return ret;
}
-static int vfs_cmd_create(struct fs_context *fc)
+static int vfs_cmd_create(struct fs_context *fc, bool exclusive)
{
struct super_block *sb;
int ret;
@@ -220,7 +220,12 @@ static int vfs_cmd_create(struct fs_context *fc)
if (!mount_capable(fc))
return -EPERM;
+ /* require the new mount api */
+ if (exclusive && fc->ops == &legacy_fs_context_ops)
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
fc->phase = FS_CONTEXT_CREATING;
+ fc->exclusive = exclusive;
ret = vfs_get_tree(fc);
if (ret) {
@@ -284,7 +289,9 @@ static int vfs_fsconfig_locked(struct fs_context *fc, int cmd,
return ret;
switch (cmd) {
case FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE:
- return vfs_cmd_create(fc);
+ return vfs_cmd_create(fc, false);
+ case FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL:
+ return vfs_cmd_create(fc, true);
case FSCONFIG_CMD_RECONFIGURE:
return vfs_cmd_reconfigure(fc);
default:
@@ -381,6 +388,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE5(fsconfig,
return -EINVAL;
break;
case FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE:
+ case FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL:
case FSCONFIG_CMD_RECONFIGURE:
if (_key || _value || aux)
return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/fs/super.c b/fs/super.c
index 9aaf0fbad036..8eeebd8c4573 100644
--- a/fs/super.c
+++ b/fs/super.c
@@ -546,17 +546,28 @@ bool mount_capable(struct fs_context *fc)
* @test: Comparison callback
* @set: Setup callback
*
- * Find or create a superblock using the parameters stored in the filesystem
- * context and the two callback functions.
+ * Create a new superblock or find an existing one.
*
- * If an extant superblock is matched, then that will be returned with an
- * elevated reference count that the caller must transfer or discard.
+ * The @test callback is used to find a matching existing superblock.
+ * Whether or not the requested parameters in @fc are taken into account
+ * is specific to the @test callback that is used. They may even be
+ * completely ignored.
+ *
+ * If an extant superblock is matched, it will be returned unless:
+ * (1) the namespace the filesystem context @fc and the extant
+ * superblock's namespace differ
+ * (2) the filesystem context @fc has requested that reusing an extant
+ * superblock is not allowed
+ * In both cases EBUSY will be returned.
*
* If no match is made, a new superblock will be allocated and basic
- * initialisation will be performed (s_type, s_fs_info and s_id will be set and
- * the set() callback will be invoked), the superblock will be published and it
- * will be returned in a partially constructed state with SB_BORN and SB_ACTIVE
- * as yet unset.
+ * initialisation will be performed (s_type, s_fs_info and s_id will be
+ * set and the @set callback will be invoked), the superblock will be
+ * published and it will be returned in a partially constructed state
+ * with SB_BORN and SB_ACTIVE as yet unset.
+ *
+ * Return: On success, an extant or newly created superblock is
+ * returned. On failure an error pointer is returned.
*/
struct super_block *sget_fc(struct fs_context *fc,
int (*test)(struct super_block *, struct fs_context *),
@@ -603,9 +614,13 @@ struct super_block *sget_fc(struct fs_context *fc,
return s;
share_extant_sb:
- if (user_ns != old->s_user_ns) {
+ if (user_ns != old->s_user_ns || fc->exclusive) {
spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
destroy_unused_super(s);
+ if (fc->exclusive)
+ warnfc(fc, "reusing existing filesystem not allowed");
+ else
+ warnfc(fc, "reusing existing filesystem in another namespace not allowed");
return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
}
if (!grab_super(old))
diff --git a/include/linux/fs_context.h b/include/linux/fs_context.h
index 851b3fe2549c..a33a3b1d9016 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs_context.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs_context.h
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ struct fs_context {
bool need_free:1; /* Need to call ops->free() */
bool global:1; /* Goes into &init_user_ns */
bool oldapi:1; /* Coming from mount(2) */
+ bool exclusive:1; /* create new superblock, reject existing one */
};
struct fs_context_operations {
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/mount.h b/include/uapi/linux/mount.h
index 8eb0d7b758d2..bb242fdcfe6b 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/mount.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/mount.h
@@ -100,8 +100,9 @@ enum fsconfig_command {
FSCONFIG_SET_PATH = 3, /* Set parameter, supplying an object by path */
FSCONFIG_SET_PATH_EMPTY = 4, /* Set parameter, supplying an object by (empty) path */
FSCONFIG_SET_FD = 5, /* Set parameter, supplying an object by fd */
- FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE = 6, /* Invoke superblock creation */
+ FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE = 6, /* Create new or reuse existing superblock */
FSCONFIG_CMD_RECONFIGURE = 7, /* Invoke superblock reconfiguration */
+ FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL = 8, /* Create new superblock, fail if reusing existing superblock */
};
/*
--
2.34.1
