[Aufs 16/25] aufs dentry and lookup

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initial commit
dentry operations and private data

Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05@xxxxxxxxxxx>
---
 fs/aufs/dentry.c |  857 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 fs/aufs/dentry.h |  213 ++++++++++++++
 fs/aufs/dinfo.c  |  351 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 1421 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 fs/aufs/dentry.c
 create mode 100644 fs/aufs/dentry.h
 create mode 100644 fs/aufs/dinfo.c

diff --git a/fs/aufs/dentry.c b/fs/aufs/dentry.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6447cd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/aufs/dentry.c
@@ -0,0 +1,857 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Junjiro R. Okajima
+ *
+ * This program, aufs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * lookup and dentry operations
+ */
+
+#include "aufs.h"
+
+static void au_h_nd(struct nameidata *h_nd, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	if (nd) {
+		*h_nd = *nd;
+
+		/*
+		 * gave up supporting LOOKUP_CREATE/OPEN for lower fs,
+		 * due to whiteout and branch permission.
+		 */
+		h_nd->flags &= ~(/*LOOKUP_PARENT |*/ LOOKUP_OPEN | LOOKUP_CREATE
+				 | LOOKUP_FOLLOW);
+		/* unnecessary? */
+		h_nd->intent.open.file = NULL;
+	} else
+		memset(h_nd, 0, sizeof(*h_nd));
+}
+
+struct au_lkup_one_args {
+	struct dentry **errp;
+	struct qstr *name;
+	struct dentry *h_parent;
+	struct au_branch *br;
+	struct nameidata *nd;
+};
+
+struct dentry *au_lkup_one(struct qstr *name, struct dentry *h_parent,
+			   struct au_branch *br, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	struct dentry *h_dentry;
+	int err;
+	struct nameidata h_nd;
+
+	if (au_test_fs_null_nd(h_parent->d_sb))
+		return vfsub_lookup_one_len(name->name, h_parent, name->len);
+
+	au_h_nd(&h_nd, nd);
+	h_nd.path.dentry = h_parent;
+	h_nd.path.mnt = br->br_mnt;
+
+	err = __lookup_one_len(name->name, &h_nd.last, NULL, name->len);
+	h_dentry = ERR_PTR(err);
+	if (!err) {
+		path_get(&h_nd.path);
+		h_dentry = vfsub_lookup_hash(&h_nd);
+		path_put(&h_nd.path);
+	}
+
+	return h_dentry;
+}
+
+static void au_call_lkup_one(void *args)
+{
+	struct au_lkup_one_args *a = args;
+	*a->errp = au_lkup_one(a->name, a->h_parent, a->br, a->nd);
+}
+
+#define AuLkup_ALLOW_NEG	1
+#define au_ftest_lkup(flags, name)	((flags) & AuLkup_##name)
+#define au_fset_lkup(flags, name)	{ (flags) |= AuLkup_##name; }
+#define au_fclr_lkup(flags, name)	{ (flags) &= ~AuLkup_##name; }
+
+struct au_do_lookup_args {
+	unsigned int		flags;
+	mode_t			type;
+	struct nameidata	*nd;
+};
+
+/*
+ * returns positive/negative dentry, NULL or an error.
+ * NULL means whiteout-ed or not-found.
+ */
+static struct dentry*
+au_do_lookup(struct dentry *h_parent, struct dentry *dentry,
+	     aufs_bindex_t bindex, struct qstr *wh_name,
+	     struct au_do_lookup_args *args)
+{
+	struct dentry *h_dentry;
+	struct inode *h_inode, *inode;
+	struct qstr *name;
+	struct au_branch *br;
+	int wh_found, opq;
+	unsigned char wh_able;
+	const unsigned char allow_neg = !!au_ftest_lkup(args->flags, ALLOW_NEG);
+
+	name = &dentry->d_name;
+	wh_found = 0;
+	br = au_sbr(dentry->d_sb, bindex);
+	wh_able = !!au_br_whable(br->br_perm);
+	if (wh_able)
+		wh_found = au_wh_test(h_parent, wh_name, br, /*try_sio*/0);
+	h_dentry = ERR_PTR(wh_found);
+	if (!wh_found)
+		goto real_lookup;
+	if (unlikely(wh_found < 0))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* We found a whiteout */
+	/* au_set_dbend(dentry, bindex); */
+	au_set_dbwh(dentry, bindex);
+	if (!allow_neg)
+		return NULL; /* success */
+
+ real_lookup:
+	h_dentry = au_lkup_one(name, h_parent, br, args->nd);
+	if (IS_ERR(h_dentry))
+		goto out;
+
+	h_inode = h_dentry->d_inode;
+	if (!h_inode) {
+		if (!allow_neg)
+			goto out_neg;
+	} else if (wh_found
+		   || (args->type && args->type != (h_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT)))
+		goto out_neg;
+
+	if (au_dbend(dentry) <= bindex)
+		au_set_dbend(dentry, bindex);
+	if (au_dbstart(dentry) < 0 || bindex < au_dbstart(dentry))
+		au_set_dbstart(dentry, bindex);
+	au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, h_dentry);
+
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+	if (!h_inode || !S_ISDIR(h_inode->i_mode) || !wh_able
+	    || (inode && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)))
+		goto out; /* success */
+
+	mutex_lock_nested(&h_inode->i_mutex, AuLsc_I_CHILD);
+	opq = au_diropq_test(h_dentry, br);
+	mutex_unlock(&h_inode->i_mutex);
+	if (opq > 0)
+		au_set_dbdiropq(dentry, bindex);
+	else if (unlikely(opq < 0)) {
+		au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, NULL);
+		h_dentry = ERR_PTR(opq);
+	}
+	goto out;
+
+ out_neg:
+	dput(h_dentry);
+	h_dentry = NULL;
+ out:
+	return h_dentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns the number of lower positive dentries,
+ * otherwise an error.
+ * can be called at unlinking with @type is zero.
+ */
+int au_lkup_dentry(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bstart, mode_t type,
+		   struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	int npositive, err;
+	aufs_bindex_t bindex, btail, bdiropq;
+	unsigned char isdir;
+	struct qstr whname;
+	struct au_do_lookup_args args = {
+		.flags	= 0,
+		.type	= type,
+		.nd	= nd
+	};
+	const struct qstr *name = &dentry->d_name;
+	struct dentry *parent;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	err = -EPERM;
+	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
+	if (unlikely(!strncmp(name->name, AUFS_WH_PFX, AUFS_WH_PFX_LEN)))
+		goto out;
+
+	err = au_wh_name_alloc(&whname, name);
+	if (unlikely(err))
+		goto out;
+
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+	isdir = !!(inode && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode));
+	if (!type)
+		au_fset_lkup(args.flags, ALLOW_NEG);
+
+	npositive = 0;
+	btail = au_dbtaildir(parent);
+	for (bindex = bstart; bindex <= btail; bindex++) {
+		struct dentry *h_parent, *h_dentry;
+		struct inode *h_inode, *h_dir;
+
+		h_dentry = au_h_dptr(dentry, bindex);
+		if (h_dentry) {
+			if (h_dentry->d_inode)
+				npositive++;
+			if (type != S_IFDIR)
+				break;
+			continue;
+		}
+		h_parent = au_h_dptr(parent, bindex);
+		if (!h_parent)
+			continue;
+		h_dir = h_parent->d_inode;
+		if (!h_dir || !S_ISDIR(h_dir->i_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		mutex_lock_nested(&h_dir->i_mutex, AuLsc_I_PARENT);
+		h_dentry = au_do_lookup(h_parent, dentry, bindex, &whname,
+					&args);
+		mutex_unlock(&h_dir->i_mutex);
+		err = PTR_ERR(h_dentry);
+		if (IS_ERR(h_dentry))
+			goto out_wh;
+		au_fclr_lkup(args.flags, ALLOW_NEG);
+
+		if (au_dbwh(dentry) >= 0)
+			break;
+		if (!h_dentry)
+			continue;
+		h_inode = h_dentry->d_inode;
+		if (!h_inode)
+			continue;
+		npositive++;
+		if (!args.type)
+			args.type = h_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT;
+		if (args.type != S_IFDIR)
+			break;
+		else if (isdir) {
+			/* the type of lower may be different */
+			bdiropq = au_dbdiropq(dentry);
+			if (bdiropq >= 0 && bdiropq <= bindex)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (npositive) {
+		AuLabel(positive);
+		au_update_dbstart(dentry);
+	}
+	err = npositive;
+	if (unlikely(!au_opt_test(au_mntflags(dentry->d_sb), UDBA_NONE)
+		     && au_dbstart(dentry) < 0))
+		/* both of real entry and whiteout found */
+		err = -EIO;
+
+ out_wh:
+	kfree(whname.name);
+ out:
+	dput(parent);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct dentry *au_sio_lkup_one(struct qstr *name, struct dentry *parent,
+			       struct au_branch *br)
+{
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	int wkq_err;
+
+	if (!au_test_h_perm_sio(parent->d_inode, MAY_EXEC))
+		dentry = au_lkup_one(name, parent, br, /*nd*/NULL);
+	else {
+		struct au_lkup_one_args args = {
+			.errp		= &dentry,
+			.name		= name,
+			.h_parent	= parent,
+			.br		= br,
+			.nd		= NULL
+		};
+
+		wkq_err = au_wkq_wait(au_call_lkup_one, &args);
+		if (unlikely(wkq_err))
+			dentry = ERR_PTR(wkq_err);
+	}
+
+	return dentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * lookup @dentry on @bindex which should be negative.
+ */
+int au_lkup_neg(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *parent, *h_parent, *h_dentry;
+	struct qstr *name;
+
+	name = &dentry->d_name;
+	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
+	h_parent = au_h_dptr(parent, bindex);
+	h_dentry = au_sio_lkup_one(name, h_parent,
+				   au_sbr(dentry->d_sb, bindex));
+	err = PTR_ERR(h_dentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(h_dentry))
+		goto out;
+	if (unlikely(h_dentry->d_inode)) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		AuIOErr("b%d %.*s should be negative.\n",
+			bindex, AuDLNPair(h_dentry));
+		dput(h_dentry);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (bindex < au_dbstart(dentry))
+		au_set_dbstart(dentry, bindex);
+	if (au_dbend(dentry) < bindex)
+		au_set_dbend(dentry, bindex);
+	au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, h_dentry);
+	err = 0;
+
+ out:
+	dput(parent);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* subset of struct inode */
+struct au_iattr {
+	unsigned long		i_ino;
+	/* unsigned int		i_nlink; */
+	uid_t			i_uid;
+	gid_t			i_gid;
+	u64			i_version;
+/*
+	loff_t			i_size;
+	blkcnt_t		i_blocks;
+*/
+	umode_t			i_mode;
+};
+
+static void au_iattr_save(struct au_iattr *ia, struct inode *h_inode)
+{
+	ia->i_ino = h_inode->i_ino;
+	/* ia->i_nlink = h_inode->i_nlink; */
+	ia->i_uid = h_inode->i_uid;
+	ia->i_gid = h_inode->i_gid;
+	ia->i_version = h_inode->i_version;
+/*
+	ia->i_size = h_inode->i_size;
+	ia->i_blocks = h_inode->i_blocks;
+*/
+	ia->i_mode = (h_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+}
+
+static int au_iattr_test(struct au_iattr *ia, struct inode *h_inode)
+{
+	return ia->i_ino != h_inode->i_ino
+		/* || ia->i_nlink != h_inode->i_nlink */
+		|| ia->i_uid != h_inode->i_uid
+		|| ia->i_gid != h_inode->i_gid
+		|| ia->i_version != h_inode->i_version
+/*
+		|| ia->i_size != h_inode->i_size
+		|| ia->i_blocks != h_inode->i_blocks
+*/
+		|| ia->i_mode != (h_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+}
+
+static int au_h_verify_dentry(struct dentry *h_dentry, struct dentry *h_parent,
+			      struct au_branch *br)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct au_iattr ia;
+	struct dentry *h_d;
+	struct inode *h_inode;
+	struct super_block *h_sb;
+
+	err = 0;
+	h_sb = h_dentry->d_sb;
+	h_inode = h_dentry->d_inode;
+	if (h_inode)
+		au_iattr_save(&ia, h_dentry->d_inode);
+	else if (au_test_nfs(h_sb) || au_test_fuse(h_sb))
+		/* nfs d_revalidate may return 0 for negative dentry */
+		/* fuse d_revalidate always return 0 for negative dentry */
+		goto out;
+
+	/* main purpose is namei.c:cached_lookup() and d_revalidate */
+	h_d = au_lkup_one(&h_dentry->d_name, h_parent, br, /*nd*/NULL);
+	err = PTR_ERR(h_d);
+	if (IS_ERR(h_d))
+		goto out;
+
+	err = 0;
+	if (unlikely(h_d != h_dentry
+		     || h_d->d_inode != h_inode
+		     || (h_inode && au_iattr_test(&ia, h_inode))))
+		err = -EBUSY;
+	dput(h_d);
+
+ out:
+	AuTraceErr(err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int au_h_verify(struct dentry *h_dentry, unsigned int udba, struct inode *h_dir,
+		struct dentry *h_parent, struct au_branch *br)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = 0;
+	if (udba == AuOpt_UDBA_REVAL) {
+		IMustLock(h_dir);
+		err = (h_dentry->d_parent->d_inode != h_dir);
+	} else if (udba == AuOpt_UDBA_HINOTIFY)
+		err = au_h_verify_dentry(h_dentry, h_parent, br);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void au_do_refresh_hdentry(struct au_hdentry *p, struct au_dinfo *dinfo,
+				  struct dentry *parent)
+{
+	struct dentry *h_d, *h_dp;
+	struct au_hdentry tmp, *q;
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	aufs_bindex_t new_bindex, bindex, bend, bwh, bdiropq;
+
+	bend = dinfo->di_bend;
+	bwh = dinfo->di_bwh;
+	bdiropq = dinfo->di_bdiropq;
+	for (bindex = dinfo->di_bstart; bindex <= bend; bindex++, p++) {
+		h_d = p->hd_dentry;
+		if (!h_d)
+			continue;
+
+		h_dp = dget_parent(h_d);
+		if (h_dp == au_h_dptr(parent, bindex)) {
+			dput(h_dp);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		new_bindex = au_find_dbindex(parent, h_dp);
+		dput(h_dp);
+		if (dinfo->di_bwh == bindex)
+			bwh = new_bindex;
+		if (dinfo->di_bdiropq == bindex)
+			bdiropq = new_bindex;
+		if (new_bindex < 0) {
+			au_hdput(p);
+			p->hd_dentry = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* swap two lower dentries, and loop again */
+		q = dinfo->di_hdentry + new_bindex;
+		tmp = *q;
+		*q = *p;
+		*p = tmp;
+		if (tmp.hd_dentry) {
+			bindex--;
+			p--;
+		}
+	}
+
+	sb = parent->d_sb;
+	dinfo->di_bwh = -1;
+	if (bwh >= 0 && bwh <= au_sbend(sb) && au_sbr_whable(sb, bwh))
+		dinfo->di_bwh = bwh;
+
+	dinfo->di_bdiropq = -1;
+	if (bdiropq >= 0
+	    && bdiropq <= au_sbend(sb)
+	    && au_sbr_whable(sb, bdiropq))
+		dinfo->di_bdiropq = bdiropq;
+
+	bend = au_dbend(parent);
+	p = dinfo->di_hdentry;
+	for (bindex = 0; bindex <= bend; bindex++, p++)
+		if (p->hd_dentry) {
+			dinfo->di_bstart = bindex;
+			break;
+		}
+
+	p = dinfo->di_hdentry + bend;
+	for (bindex = bend; bindex >= 0; bindex--, p--)
+		if (p->hd_dentry) {
+			dinfo->di_bend = bindex;
+			break;
+		}
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns the number of found lower positive dentries,
+ * otherwise an error.
+ */
+int au_refresh_hdentry(struct dentry *dentry, mode_t type)
+{
+	int npositive, err;
+	unsigned int sigen;
+	aufs_bindex_t bstart;
+	struct au_dinfo *dinfo;
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	struct dentry *parent;
+
+	sb = dentry->d_sb;
+	AuDebugOn(IS_ROOT(dentry));
+	sigen = au_sigen(sb);
+	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
+	AuDebugOn(au_digen(parent) != sigen
+		  || au_iigen(parent->d_inode) != sigen);
+
+	dinfo = au_di(dentry);
+	err = au_di_realloc(dinfo, au_sbend(sb) + 1);
+	npositive = err;
+	if (unlikely(err))
+		goto out;
+	au_do_refresh_hdentry(dinfo->di_hdentry + dinfo->di_bstart, dinfo,
+			      parent);
+
+	npositive = 0;
+	bstart = au_dbstart(parent);
+	if (type != S_IFDIR && dinfo->di_bstart == bstart)
+		goto out_dgen; /* success */
+
+	npositive = au_lkup_dentry(dentry, bstart, type, /*nd*/NULL);
+	if (npositive < 0)
+		goto out;
+	if (dinfo->di_bwh >= 0 && dinfo->di_bwh <= dinfo->di_bstart)
+		d_drop(dentry);
+
+ out_dgen:
+	au_update_digen(dentry);
+ out:
+	dput(parent);
+	AuTraceErr(npositive);
+	return npositive;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+int au_do_h_d_reval(struct dentry *h_dentry, struct nameidata *nd,
+		    struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	int err, valid;
+	int (*reval)(struct dentry *, struct nameidata *);
+
+	err = 0;
+	reval = NULL;
+	if (h_dentry->d_op)
+		reval = h_dentry->d_op->d_revalidate;
+	if (!reval)
+		goto out;
+
+	AuDbg("b%d\n", bindex);
+	if (au_test_fs_null_nd(h_dentry->d_sb))
+		/* it may return tri-state */
+		valid = reval(h_dentry, NULL);
+	else {
+		struct nameidata h_nd;
+		int locked;
+		struct dentry *parent;
+
+		au_h_nd(&h_nd, nd);
+		parent = nd->path.dentry;
+		locked = (nd && nd->path.dentry != dentry);
+		if (locked)
+			di_read_lock_parent(parent, AuLock_IR);
+		BUG_ON(bindex > au_dbend(parent));
+		h_nd.path.dentry = au_h_dptr(parent, bindex);
+		BUG_ON(!h_nd.path.dentry);
+		h_nd.path.mnt = au_sbr(parent->d_sb, bindex)->br_mnt;
+		path_get(&h_nd.path);
+		valid = reval(h_dentry, &h_nd);
+		path_put(&h_nd.path);
+		if (locked)
+			di_read_unlock(parent, AuLock_IR);
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(valid < 0))
+		err = valid;
+	else if (!valid)
+		err = -EINVAL;
+
+ out:
+	AuTraceErr(err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* todo: remove this */
+static int h_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
+			  struct nameidata *nd, int do_udba)
+{
+	int err;
+	umode_t mode, h_mode;
+	aufs_bindex_t bindex, btail, bstart, ibs, ibe;
+	unsigned char plus, unhashed, is_root, h_plus;
+	struct inode *first, *h_inode, *h_cached_inode;
+	struct dentry *h_dentry;
+	struct qstr *name, *h_name;
+
+	err = 0;
+	plus = 0;
+	mode = 0;
+	first = NULL;
+	ibs = -1;
+	ibe = -1;
+	unhashed = !!d_unhashed(dentry);
+	is_root = !!IS_ROOT(dentry);
+	name = &dentry->d_name;
+
+	/*
+	 * Theoretically, REVAL test should be unnecessary in case of INOTIFY.
+	 * But inotify doesn't fire some necessary events,
+	 *	IN_ATTRIB for atime/nlink/pageio
+	 *	IN_DELETE for NFS dentry
+	 * Let's do REVAL test too.
+	 */
+	if (do_udba && inode) {
+		mode = (inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+		plus = (inode->i_nlink > 0);
+		first = au_h_iptr(inode, au_ibstart(inode));
+		ibs = au_ibstart(inode);
+		ibe = au_ibend(inode);
+	}
+
+	bstart = au_dbstart(dentry);
+	btail = bstart;
+	if (inode && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+		btail = au_dbtaildir(dentry);
+	for (bindex = bstart; bindex <= btail; bindex++) {
+		h_dentry = au_h_dptr(dentry, bindex);
+		if (!h_dentry)
+			continue;
+
+		AuDbg("b%d, %.*s\n", bindex, AuDLNPair(h_dentry));
+		h_name = &h_dentry->d_name;
+		if (unlikely(do_udba
+			     && !is_root
+			     && (unhashed != !!d_unhashed(h_dentry)
+				 || name->len != h_name->len
+				 || memcmp(name->name, h_name->name, name->len))
+			    )) {
+			AuDbg("unhash 0x%x 0x%x, %.*s %.*s\n",
+				  unhashed, d_unhashed(h_dentry),
+				  AuDLNPair(dentry), AuDLNPair(h_dentry));
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		err = au_do_h_d_reval(h_dentry, nd, dentry, bindex);
+		if (unlikely(err))
+			/* do not goto err, to keep the errno */
+			break;
+
+		/* todo: plink too? */
+		if (!do_udba)
+			continue;
+
+		/* UDBA tests */
+		h_inode = h_dentry->d_inode;
+		if (unlikely(!!inode != !!h_inode))
+			goto err;
+
+		h_plus = plus;
+		h_mode = mode;
+		h_cached_inode = h_inode;
+		if (h_inode) {
+			h_mode = (h_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+			h_plus = (h_inode->i_nlink > 0);
+		}
+		if (inode && ibs <= bindex && bindex <= ibe)
+			h_cached_inode = au_h_iptr(inode, bindex);
+
+		if (unlikely(plus != h_plus
+			     || mode != h_mode
+			     || h_cached_inode != h_inode))
+			goto err;
+		continue;
+
+	err:
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int simple_reval_dpath(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int sigen)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *parent;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+	if (au_digen(dentry) == sigen && au_iigen(inode) == sigen)
+		return 0;
+
+	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
+	di_read_lock_parent(parent, AuLock_IR);
+	AuDebugOn(au_digen(parent) != sigen
+		  || au_iigen(parent->d_inode) != sigen);
+	au_dbg_verify_gen(parent, sigen);
+
+	/* returns a number of positive dentries */
+	err = au_refresh_hdentry(dentry, inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+	if (err >= 0)
+		err = au_refresh_hinode(inode, dentry);
+
+	di_read_unlock(parent, AuLock_IR);
+	dput(parent);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int au_reval_dpath(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int sigen)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *d, *parent;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	if (!au_ftest_si(au_sbi(dentry->d_sb), FAILED_REFRESH_DIRS))
+		return simple_reval_dpath(dentry, sigen);
+
+	/* slow loop, keep it simple and stupid */
+	/* cf: au_cpup_dirs() */
+	err = 0;
+	parent = NULL;
+	while (au_digen(dentry) != sigen
+	       || au_iigen(dentry->d_inode) != sigen) {
+		d = dentry;
+		while (1) {
+			dput(parent);
+			parent = dget_parent(d);
+			if (au_digen(parent) == sigen
+			    && au_iigen(parent->d_inode) == sigen)
+				break;
+			d = parent;
+		}
+
+		inode = d->d_inode;
+		if (d != dentry)
+			di_write_lock_child(d);
+
+		/* someone might update our dentry while we were sleeping */
+		if (au_digen(d) != sigen || au_iigen(d->d_inode) != sigen) {
+			di_read_lock_parent(parent, AuLock_IR);
+			/* returns a number of positive dentries */
+			err = au_refresh_hdentry(d, inode->i_mode & S_IFMT);
+			if (err >= 0)
+				err = au_refresh_hinode(inode, d);
+			di_read_unlock(parent, AuLock_IR);
+		}
+
+		if (d != dentry)
+			di_write_unlock(d);
+		dput(parent);
+		if (unlikely(err))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * if valid returns 1, otherwise 0.
+ */
+static int aufs_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	int valid, err;
+	unsigned int sigen;
+	unsigned char do_udba;
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	sb = dentry->d_sb;
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+	aufs_read_lock(dentry, AuLock_FLUSH | AuLock_DW);
+	sigen = au_sigen(sb);
+	if (au_digen(dentry) != sigen) {
+		AuDebugOn(IS_ROOT(dentry));
+		if (inode)
+			err = au_reval_dpath(dentry, sigen);
+		if (unlikely(err))
+			goto out_dgrade;
+		AuDebugOn(au_digen(dentry) != sigen);
+	}
+	if (inode && au_iigen(inode) != sigen) {
+		AuDebugOn(IS_ROOT(dentry));
+		err = au_refresh_hinode(inode, dentry);
+		if (unlikely(err))
+			goto out_dgrade;
+		AuDebugOn(au_iigen(inode) != sigen);
+	}
+	di_downgrade_lock(dentry, AuLock_IR);
+
+	AuDebugOn(au_digen(dentry) != sigen);
+	AuDebugOn(inode && au_iigen(inode) != sigen);
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	do_udba = !au_opt_test(au_mntflags(sb), UDBA_NONE);
+	if (do_udba && inode) {
+		aufs_bindex_t bstart = au_ibstart(inode);
+
+		if (bstart >= 0
+		    && au_test_higen(inode, au_h_iptr(inode, bstart)))
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	err = h_d_revalidate(dentry, inode, nd, do_udba);
+	if (unlikely(!err && do_udba && au_dbstart(dentry) < 0))
+		/* both of real entry and whiteout found */
+		err = -EIO;
+	goto out;
+
+ out_dgrade:
+	di_downgrade_lock(dentry, AuLock_IR);
+ out:
+	au_store_oflag(nd);
+	aufs_read_unlock(dentry, AuLock_IR);
+	AuTraceErr(err);
+	valid = !err;
+	if (!valid)
+		AuDbg("%.*s invalid\n", AuDLNPair(dentry));
+	return valid;
+}
+
+static void aufs_d_release(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct au_dinfo *dinfo;
+	aufs_bindex_t bend, bindex;
+
+	dinfo = dentry->d_fsdata;
+	if (!dinfo)
+		return;
+
+	/* dentry may not be revalidated */
+	bindex = dinfo->di_bstart;
+	if (bindex >= 0) {
+		struct au_hdentry *p;
+
+		bend = dinfo->di_bend;
+		p = dinfo->di_hdentry + bindex;
+		while (bindex++ <= bend) {
+			if (p->hd_dentry)
+				au_hdput(p);
+			p++;
+		}
+	}
+	kfree(dinfo->di_hdentry);
+	au_rwsem_destroy(&dinfo->di_rwsem);
+	au_cache_free_dinfo(dinfo);
+	au_hin_di_reinit(dentry);
+}
+
+struct dentry_operations aufs_dop = {
+	.d_revalidate	= aufs_d_revalidate,
+	.d_release	= aufs_d_release
+};
diff --git a/fs/aufs/dentry.h b/fs/aufs/dentry.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8708db8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/aufs/dentry.h
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Junjiro R. Okajima
+ *
+ * This program, aufs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * lookup and dentry operations
+ */
+
+#ifndef __AUFS_DENTRY_H__
+#define __AUFS_DENTRY_H__
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/aufs_type.h>
+#include "rwsem.h"
+
+/* make a single member structure for future use */
+/* todo: remove this structure */
+struct au_hdentry {
+	struct dentry		*hd_dentry;
+};
+
+struct au_dinfo {
+	atomic_t		di_generation;
+
+	struct rw_semaphore	di_rwsem;
+	aufs_bindex_t		di_bstart, di_bend, di_bwh, di_bdiropq;
+	struct au_hdentry	*di_hdentry;
+};
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* dentry.c */
+extern struct dentry_operations aufs_dop;
+struct au_branch;
+struct dentry *au_lkup_one(struct qstr *name, struct dentry *h_parent,
+			   struct au_branch *br, struct nameidata *nd);
+struct dentry *au_sio_lkup_one(struct qstr *name, struct dentry *parent,
+			       struct au_branch *br);
+int au_h_verify(struct dentry *h_dentry, unsigned int udba, struct inode *h_dir,
+		struct dentry *h_parent, struct au_branch *br);
+
+int au_lkup_dentry(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bstart, mode_t type,
+		   struct nameidata *nd);
+int au_lkup_neg(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex);
+int au_refresh_hdentry(struct dentry *dentry, mode_t type);
+int au_reval_dpath(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int sigen);
+
+/* dinfo.c */
+int au_alloc_dinfo(struct dentry *dentry);
+int au_di_realloc(struct au_dinfo *dinfo, int nbr);
+
+void di_read_lock(struct dentry *d, int flags, unsigned int lsc);
+void di_read_unlock(struct dentry *d, int flags);
+void di_downgrade_lock(struct dentry *d, int flags);
+void di_write_lock(struct dentry *d, unsigned int lsc);
+void di_write_unlock(struct dentry *d);
+void di_write_lock2_child(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2, int isdir);
+void di_write_lock2_parent(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2, int isdir);
+void di_write_unlock2(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2);
+
+struct dentry *au_h_dptr(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex);
+aufs_bindex_t au_dbtail(struct dentry *dentry);
+aufs_bindex_t au_dbtaildir(struct dentry *dentry);
+
+void au_set_h_dptr(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex,
+		   struct dentry *h_dentry);
+void au_update_digen(struct dentry *dentry);
+void au_update_dbrange(struct dentry *dentry, int do_put_zero);
+void au_update_dbstart(struct dentry *dentry);
+void au_update_dbend(struct dentry *dentry);
+int au_find_dbindex(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *h_dentry);
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static inline struct au_dinfo *au_di(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return dentry->d_fsdata;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* lock subclass for dinfo */
+enum {
+	AuLsc_DI_CHILD,		/* child first */
+	AuLsc_DI_CHILD2,	/* rename(2), link(2), and cpup at hinotify */
+	AuLsc_DI_CHILD3,	/* copyup dirs */
+	AuLsc_DI_PARENT,
+	AuLsc_DI_PARENT2,
+	AuLsc_DI_PARENT3
+};
+
+/*
+ * di_read_lock_child, di_write_lock_child,
+ * di_read_lock_child2, di_write_lock_child2,
+ * di_read_lock_child3, di_write_lock_child3,
+ * di_read_lock_parent, di_write_lock_parent,
+ * di_read_lock_parent2, di_write_lock_parent2,
+ * di_read_lock_parent3, di_write_lock_parent3,
+ */
+#define AuReadLockFunc(name, lsc) \
+static inline void di_read_lock_##name(struct dentry *d, int flags) \
+{ di_read_lock(d, flags, AuLsc_DI_##lsc); }
+
+#define AuWriteLockFunc(name, lsc) \
+static inline void di_write_lock_##name(struct dentry *d) \
+{ di_write_lock(d, AuLsc_DI_##lsc); }
+
+#define AuRWLockFuncs(name, lsc) \
+	AuReadLockFunc(name, lsc) \
+	AuWriteLockFunc(name, lsc)
+
+AuRWLockFuncs(child, CHILD);
+AuRWLockFuncs(child2, CHILD2);
+AuRWLockFuncs(child3, CHILD3);
+AuRWLockFuncs(parent, PARENT);
+AuRWLockFuncs(parent2, PARENT2);
+AuRWLockFuncs(parent3, PARENT3);
+
+#undef AuReadLockFunc
+#undef AuWriteLockFunc
+#undef AuRWLockFuncs
+
+#define DiMustNoWaiters(d)	AuRwMustNoWaiters(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem)
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* todo: memory barrier? */
+static inline unsigned int au_digen(struct dentry *d)
+{
+	return atomic_read(&au_di(d)->di_generation);
+}
+
+static inline void au_h_dentry_init(struct au_hdentry *hdentry)
+{
+	hdentry->hd_dentry = NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void au_hdput(struct au_hdentry *hd)
+{
+	dput(hd->hd_dentry);
+}
+
+static inline aufs_bindex_t au_dbstart(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return au_di(dentry)->di_bstart;
+}
+
+static inline aufs_bindex_t au_dbend(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return au_di(dentry)->di_bend;
+}
+
+static inline aufs_bindex_t au_dbwh(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return au_di(dentry)->di_bwh;
+}
+
+static inline aufs_bindex_t au_dbdiropq(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return au_di(dentry)->di_bdiropq;
+}
+
+/* todo: hard/soft set? */
+static inline void au_set_dbstart(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	au_di(dentry)->di_bstart = bindex;
+}
+
+static inline void au_set_dbend(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	au_di(dentry)->di_bend = bindex;
+}
+
+static inline void au_set_dbwh(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	/* dbwh can be outside of bstart - bend range */
+	au_di(dentry)->di_bwh = bindex;
+}
+
+static inline void au_set_dbdiropq(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	au_di(dentry)->di_bdiropq = bindex;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_AUFS_HINOTIFY
+static inline void au_digen_dec(struct dentry *d)
+{
+	atomic_dec(&au_di(d)->di_generation);
+}
+
+static inline void au_hin_di_reinit(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	dentry->d_fsdata = NULL;
+}
+#else
+static inline void au_hin_di_reinit(struct dentry *dentry __maybe_unused)
+{
+	/* empty */
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_AUFS_HINOTIFY */
+
+#endif /* __KERNEL__ */
+#endif /* __AUFS_DENTRY_H__ */
diff --git a/fs/aufs/dinfo.c b/fs/aufs/dinfo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0645aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/aufs/dinfo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Junjiro R. Okajima
+ *
+ * This program, aufs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * dentry private data
+ */
+
+#include "aufs.h"
+
+int au_alloc_dinfo(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct au_dinfo *dinfo;
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	int nbr;
+
+	dinfo = au_cache_alloc_dinfo();
+	if (unlikely(!dinfo))
+		goto out;
+
+	sb = dentry->d_sb;
+	nbr = au_sbend(sb) + 1;
+	if (nbr <= 0)
+		nbr = 1;
+	dinfo->di_hdentry = kcalloc(nbr, sizeof(*dinfo->di_hdentry), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (unlikely(!dinfo->di_hdentry))
+		goto out_dinfo;
+
+	atomic_set(&dinfo->di_generation, au_sigen(sb));
+	/* smp_mb(); */ /* atomic_set */
+	init_rwsem(&dinfo->di_rwsem);
+	down_write_nested(&dinfo->di_rwsem, AuLsc_DI_CHILD);
+	dinfo->di_bstart = -1;
+	dinfo->di_bend = -1;
+	dinfo->di_bwh = -1;
+	dinfo->di_bdiropq = -1;
+
+	dentry->d_fsdata = dinfo;
+	dentry->d_op = &aufs_dop;
+	return 0; /* success */
+
+ out_dinfo:
+	au_cache_free_dinfo(dinfo);
+ out:
+	return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+int au_di_realloc(struct au_dinfo *dinfo, int nbr)
+{
+	int err, sz;
+	struct au_hdentry *hdp;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	sz = sizeof(*hdp) * (dinfo->di_bend + 1);
+	if (!sz)
+		sz = sizeof(*hdp);
+	hdp = au_kzrealloc(dinfo->di_hdentry, sz, sizeof(*hdp) * nbr, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (hdp) {
+		dinfo->di_hdentry = hdp;
+		err = 0;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void do_ii_write_lock(struct inode *inode, unsigned int lsc)
+{
+	switch (lsc) {
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD:
+		ii_write_lock_child(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD2:
+		ii_write_lock_child2(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD3:
+		ii_write_lock_child3(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT:
+		ii_write_lock_parent(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT2:
+		ii_write_lock_parent2(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT3:
+		ii_write_lock_parent3(inode);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG();
+	}
+}
+
+static void do_ii_read_lock(struct inode *inode, unsigned int lsc)
+{
+	switch (lsc) {
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD:
+		ii_read_lock_child(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD2:
+		ii_read_lock_child2(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_CHILD3:
+		ii_read_lock_child3(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT:
+		ii_read_lock_parent(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT2:
+		ii_read_lock_parent2(inode);
+		break;
+	case AuLsc_DI_PARENT3:
+		ii_read_lock_parent3(inode);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG();
+	}
+}
+
+void di_read_lock(struct dentry *d, int flags, unsigned int lsc)
+{
+	down_read_nested(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem, lsc);
+	if (d->d_inode) {
+		if (au_ftest_lock(flags, IW))
+			do_ii_write_lock(d->d_inode, lsc);
+		else if (au_ftest_lock(flags, IR))
+			do_ii_read_lock(d->d_inode, lsc);
+	}
+}
+
+void di_read_unlock(struct dentry *d, int flags)
+{
+	if (d->d_inode) {
+		if (au_ftest_lock(flags, IW))
+			ii_write_unlock(d->d_inode);
+		else if (au_ftest_lock(flags, IR))
+			ii_read_unlock(d->d_inode);
+	}
+	up_read(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem);
+}
+
+void di_downgrade_lock(struct dentry *d, int flags)
+{
+	downgrade_write(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem);
+	if (d->d_inode && au_ftest_lock(flags, IR))
+		ii_downgrade_lock(d->d_inode);
+}
+
+void di_write_lock(struct dentry *d, unsigned int lsc)
+{
+	down_write_nested(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem, lsc);
+	if (d->d_inode)
+		do_ii_write_lock(d->d_inode, lsc);
+}
+
+void di_write_unlock(struct dentry *d)
+{
+	if (d->d_inode)
+		ii_write_unlock(d->d_inode);
+	up_write(&au_di(d)->di_rwsem);
+}
+
+void di_write_lock2_child(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2, int isdir)
+{
+	AuDebugOn(d1 == d2
+		  || d1->d_inode == d2->d_inode
+		  || d1->d_sb != d2->d_sb);
+
+	if (isdir && au_test_subdir(d1, d2)) {
+		di_write_lock_child(d1);
+		di_write_lock_child2(d2);
+	} else {
+		/* there should be no races */
+		di_write_lock_child(d2);
+		di_write_lock_child2(d1);
+	}
+}
+
+void di_write_lock2_parent(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2, int isdir)
+{
+	AuDebugOn(d1 == d2
+		  || d1->d_inode == d2->d_inode
+		  || d1->d_sb != d2->d_sb);
+
+	if (isdir && au_test_subdir(d1, d2)) {
+		di_write_lock_parent(d1);
+		di_write_lock_parent2(d2);
+	} else {
+		/* there should be no races */
+		di_write_lock_parent(d2);
+		di_write_lock_parent2(d1);
+	}
+}
+
+void di_write_unlock2(struct dentry *d1, struct dentry *d2)
+{
+	di_write_unlock(d1);
+	if (d1->d_inode == d2->d_inode)
+		up_write(&au_di(d2)->di_rwsem);
+	else
+		di_write_unlock(d2);
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+struct dentry *au_h_dptr(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex)
+{
+	struct dentry *d;
+
+	if (au_dbstart(dentry) < 0 || bindex < au_dbstart(dentry))
+		return NULL;
+	AuDebugOn(bindex < 0);
+	d = au_di(dentry)->di_hdentry[0 + bindex].hd_dentry;
+	AuDebugOn(d && (atomic_read(&d->d_count) <= 0));
+	return d;
+}
+
+aufs_bindex_t au_dbtail(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	aufs_bindex_t bend, bwh;
+
+	bend = au_dbend(dentry);
+	if (0 <= bend) {
+		bwh = au_dbwh(dentry);
+		if (!bwh)
+			return bwh;
+		if (0 < bwh && bwh < bend)
+			return bwh - 1;
+	}
+	return bend;
+}
+
+aufs_bindex_t au_dbtaildir(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	aufs_bindex_t bend, bopq;
+
+	bend = au_dbtail(dentry);
+	if (0 <= bend) {
+		bopq = au_dbdiropq(dentry);
+		if (0 <= bopq && bopq < bend)
+			bend = bopq;
+	}
+	return bend;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void au_set_h_dptr(struct dentry *dentry, aufs_bindex_t bindex,
+		   struct dentry *h_dentry)
+{
+	struct au_hdentry *hd = au_di(dentry)->di_hdentry + bindex;
+
+	if (hd->hd_dentry)
+		au_hdput(hd);
+	hd->hd_dentry = h_dentry;
+}
+
+void au_update_digen(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	atomic_set(&au_di(dentry)->di_generation, au_sigen(dentry->d_sb));
+	/* smp_mb(); */ /* atomic_set */
+}
+
+void au_update_dbrange(struct dentry *dentry, int do_put_zero)
+{
+	struct au_dinfo *dinfo;
+	struct dentry *h_d;
+
+	dinfo = au_di(dentry);
+	if (!dinfo || dinfo->di_bstart < 0)
+		return;
+
+	if (do_put_zero) {
+		aufs_bindex_t bindex, bend;
+
+		bend = dinfo->di_bend;
+		for (bindex = dinfo->di_bstart; bindex <= bend; bindex++) {
+			h_d = dinfo->di_hdentry[0 + bindex].hd_dentry;
+			if (h_d && !h_d->d_inode)
+				au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	dinfo->di_bstart = -1;
+	while (++dinfo->di_bstart <= dinfo->di_bend)
+		if (dinfo->di_hdentry[0 + dinfo->di_bstart].hd_dentry)
+			break;
+	if (dinfo->di_bstart > dinfo->di_bend) {
+		dinfo->di_bstart = -1;
+		dinfo->di_bend = -1;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	dinfo->di_bend++;
+	while (0 <= --dinfo->di_bend)
+		if (dinfo->di_hdentry[0 + dinfo->di_bend].hd_dentry)
+			break;
+	AuDebugOn(dinfo->di_bstart > dinfo->di_bend || dinfo->di_bend < 0);
+}
+
+void au_update_dbstart(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	aufs_bindex_t bindex, bend;
+	struct dentry *h_dentry;
+
+	bend = au_dbend(dentry);
+	for (bindex = au_dbstart(dentry); bindex <= bend; bindex++) {
+		h_dentry = au_h_dptr(dentry, bindex);
+		if (!h_dentry)
+			continue;
+		if (h_dentry->d_inode) {
+			au_set_dbstart(dentry, bindex);
+			return;
+		}
+		au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+void au_update_dbend(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	aufs_bindex_t bindex, bstart;
+	struct dentry *h_dentry;
+
+	bstart = au_dbstart(dentry);
+	for (bindex = au_dbend(dentry); bindex <= bstart; bindex--) {
+		h_dentry = au_h_dptr(dentry, bindex);
+		if (!h_dentry)
+			continue;
+		if (h_dentry->d_inode) {
+			au_set_dbend(dentry, bindex);
+			return;
+		}
+		au_set_h_dptr(dentry, bindex, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+int au_find_dbindex(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *h_dentry)
+{
+	aufs_bindex_t bindex, bend;
+
+	bend = au_dbend(dentry);
+	for (bindex = au_dbstart(dentry); bindex <= bend; bindex++)
+		if (au_h_dptr(dentry, bindex) == h_dentry)
+			return bindex;
+	return -1;
+}
-- 
1.6.1.284.g5dc13

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