Sockets, pipes and anonymous fds have interesting properties.
Like other files, they use a dentry and an inode.
But dentries for these kind of files are not hashed into dcache,
since there is no way someone can lookup such a file in the vfs tree.
(/proc/{pid}/fd/{number} uses a different mechanism)
Still, allocating and freeing such dentries are expensive processes,
because we currently take dcache_lock inside d_alloc(), d_instantiate(),
and dput(). This lock is very contended on SMP machines.
This patch defines a new DCACHE_SINGLE flag, to mark a dentry as
a single one (for sockets, pipes, anonymous fd), and a new
d_alloc_single(const struct qstr *name, struct inode *inode)
method, called by the three subsystems.
Internally, dput() can take a fast path to dput_single() for
SINGLE dentries. No more atomic_dec_and_lock()
for such dentries.
Differences betwen an SINGLE dentry and a normal one are :
1) SINGLE dentry has the DCACHE_SINGLE flag
2) SINGLE dentry's parent is itself (DCACHE_DISCONNECTED)
This to avoid taking a reference on sb 'root' dentry, shared
by too many dentries.
3) They are not hashed into global hash table (DCACHE_UNHASHED)
4) Their d_alias list is empty
(socket8 bench result : from 25s to 19.9s)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
fs/anon_inodes.c | 16 ------------
fs/dcache.c | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
fs/pipe.c | 23 +----------------
include/linux/dcache.h | 9 ++++++
net/socket.c | 24 +-----------------
5 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)
diff --git a/fs/anon_inodes.c b/fs/anon_inodes.c
index 3662dd4..8bf83cb 100644
--- a/fs/anon_inodes.c
+++ b/fs/anon_inodes.c
@@ -33,23 +33,12 @@ static int anon_inodefs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
mnt);
}
-static int anon_inodefs_delete_dentry(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
- /*
- * We faked vfs to believe the dentry was hashed when we created it.
- * Now we restore the flag so that dput() will work correctly.
- */
- dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- return 1;
-}
-
static struct file_system_type anon_inode_fs_type = {
.name = "anon_inodefs",
.get_sb = anon_inodefs_get_sb,
.kill_sb = kill_anon_super,
};
static struct dentry_operations anon_inodefs_dentry_operations = {
- .d_delete = anon_inodefs_delete_dentry,
};
/**
@@ -92,7 +81,7 @@ int anon_inode_getfd(const char *name, const struct file_operations *fops,
this.name = name;
this.len = strlen(name);
this.hash = 0;
- dentry = d_alloc(anon_inode_mnt->mnt_sb->s_root, &this);
+ dentry = d_alloc_single(&this, anon_inode_inode);
if (!dentry)
goto err_put_unused_fd;
@@ -104,9 +93,6 @@ int anon_inode_getfd(const char *name, const struct file_operations *fops,
atomic_inc(&anon_inode_inode->i_count);
dentry->d_op = &anon_inodefs_dentry_operations;
- /* Do not publish this dentry inside the global dentry hash table */
- dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- d_instantiate(dentry, anon_inode_inode);
error = -ENFILE;
file = alloc_file(anon_inode_mnt, dentry,
diff --git a/fs/dcache.c b/fs/dcache.c
index 46d5d1e..35d4a25 100644
--- a/fs/dcache.c
+++ b/fs/dcache.c
@@ -219,6 +219,23 @@ static struct dentry *d_kill(struct dentry *dentry)
*/
/*
+ * special version of dput() for pipes/sockets/anon.
+ * These dentries are not present in hash table, we can avoid
+ * taking/dirtying dcache_lock
+ */
+static void dput_single(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+ struct inode *inode;
+
+ if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&dentry->d_count))
+ return;
+ inode = dentry->d_inode;
+ if (inode)
+ iput(inode);
+ d_free(dentry);
+}
+
+/*
* dput - release a dentry
* @dentry: dentry to release
*
@@ -234,6 +251,11 @@ void dput(struct dentry *dentry)
{
if (!dentry)
return;
+ /*
+ * single dentries (sockets/pipes/anon) fast path
+ */
+ if (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_SINGLE)
+ return dput_single(dentry);
repeat:
if (atomic_read(&dentry->d_count) == 1)
@@ -1119,6 +1141,35 @@ struct dentry * d_alloc_root(struct inode * root_inode)
return res;
}
+/**
+ * d_alloc_single - allocate SINGLE dentry
+ * @name: dentry name, given in a qstr structure
+ * @inode: inode to allocate the dentry for
+ *
+ * Allocate an SINGLE dentry for the inode given. The inode is
+ * instantiated and returned. %NULL is returned if there is insufficient
+ * memory.
+ * - SINGLE dentries have themselves as a parent.
+ * - SINGLE dentries are not hashed into global hash table
+ * - their d_alias list is empty
+ */
+struct dentry *d_alloc_single(const struct qstr *name, struct inode *inode)
+{
+ struct dentry *entry;
+
+ entry = d_alloc(NULL, name);
+ if (entry) {
+ entry->d_sb = inode->i_sb;
+ entry->d_parent = entry;
+ entry->d_flags |= DCACHE_SINGLE | DCACHE_DISCONNECTED;
+ entry->d_inode = inode;
+ fsnotify_d_instantiate(entry, inode);
+ security_d_instantiate(entry, inode);
+ }
+ return entry;
+}
+
+
static inline struct hlist_head *d_hash(struct dentry *parent,
unsigned long hash)
{
diff --git a/fs/pipe.c b/fs/pipe.c
index 7aea8b8..4de6dd5 100644
--- a/fs/pipe.c
+++ b/fs/pipe.c
@@ -849,17 +849,6 @@ void free_pipe_info(struct inode *inode)
}
static struct vfsmount *pipe_mnt __read_mostly;
-static int pipefs_delete_dentry(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
- /*
- * At creation time, we pretended this dentry was hashed
- * (by clearing DCACHE_UNHASHED bit in d_flags)
- * At delete time, we restore the truth : not hashed.
- * (so that dput() can proceed correctly)
- */
- dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- return 0;
-}
/*
* pipefs_dname() is called from d_path().
@@ -871,7 +860,6 @@ static char *pipefs_dname(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, int buflen)
}
static struct dentry_operations pipefs_dentry_operations = {
- .d_delete = pipefs_delete_dentry,
.d_dname = pipefs_dname,
};
@@ -918,7 +906,7 @@ struct file *create_write_pipe(int flags)
struct inode *inode;
struct file *f;
struct dentry *dentry;
- struct qstr name = { .name = "" };
+ static const struct qstr name = { .name = "" };
err = -ENFILE;
inode = get_pipe_inode();
@@ -926,18 +914,11 @@ struct file *create_write_pipe(int flags)
goto err;
err = -ENOMEM;
- dentry = d_alloc(pipe_mnt->mnt_sb->s_root, &name);
+ dentry = d_alloc_single(&name, inode);
if (!dentry)
goto err_inode;
dentry->d_op = &pipefs_dentry_operations;
- /*
- * We dont want to publish this dentry into global dentry hash table.
- * We pretend dentry is already hashed, by unsetting DCACHE_UNHASHED
- * This permits a working /proc/$pid/fd/XXX on pipes
- */
- dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
err = -ENFILE;
f = alloc_file(pipe_mnt, dentry, FMODE_WRITE, &write_pipefifo_fops);
diff --git a/include/linux/dcache.h b/include/linux/dcache.h
index a37359d..ca8d269 100644
--- a/include/linux/dcache.h
+++ b/include/linux/dcache.h
@@ -176,6 +176,14 @@ d_iput: no no no yes
#define DCACHE_UNHASHED 0x0010
#define DCACHE_INOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED 0x0020 /* Parent inode is watched */
+#define DCACHE_SINGLE 0x0040
+ /*
+ * socket, pipe or anonymous fd dentry
+ * - SINGLE dentries have themselves as a parent.
+ * - SINGLE dentries are not hashed into global hash table
+ * - Their d_alias list is empty
+ * - They dont need dcache_lock synchronization
+ */
extern spinlock_t dcache_lock;
extern seqlock_t rename_lock;
@@ -235,6 +243,7 @@ extern void shrink_dcache_sb(struct super_block *);
extern void shrink_dcache_parent(struct dentry *);
extern void shrink_dcache_for_umount(struct super_block *);
extern int d_invalidate(struct dentry *);
+extern struct dentry *d_alloc_single(const struct qstr *, struct inode *);
/* only used at mount-time */
extern struct dentry * d_alloc_root(struct inode *);
diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
index e9d65ea..231cd66 100644
--- a/net/socket.c
+++ b/net/socket.c
@@ -307,18 +307,6 @@ static struct file_system_type sock_fs_type = {
.kill_sb = kill_anon_super,
};
-static int sockfs_delete_dentry(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
- /*
- * At creation time, we pretended this dentry was hashed
- * (by clearing DCACHE_UNHASHED bit in d_flags)
- * At delete time, we restore the truth : not hashed.
- * (so that dput() can proceed correctly)
- */
- dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- return 0;
-}
-
/*
* sockfs_dname() is called from d_path().
*/
@@ -329,7 +317,6 @@ static char *sockfs_dname(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, int buflen)
}
static struct dentry_operations sockfs_dentry_operations = {
- .d_delete = sockfs_delete_dentry,
.d_dname = sockfs_dname,
};
@@ -371,20 +358,13 @@ static int sock_alloc_fd(struct file **filep, int flags)
static int sock_attach_fd(struct socket *sock, struct file *file, int flags)
{
struct dentry *dentry;
- struct qstr name = { .name = "" };
+ static const struct qstr name = { .name = "" };
- dentry = d_alloc(sock_mnt->mnt_sb->s_root, &name);
+ dentry = d_alloc_single(&name, SOCK_INODE(sock));
if (unlikely(!dentry))
return -ENOMEM;
dentry->d_op = &sockfs_dentry_operations;
- /*
- * We dont want to push this dentry into global dentry hash table.
- * We pretend dentry is already hashed, by unsetting DCACHE_UNHASHED
- * This permits a working /proc/$pid/fd/XXX on sockets
- */
- dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_UNHASHED;
- d_instantiate(dentry, SOCK_INODE(sock));
sock->file = file;
init_file(file, sock_mnt, dentry, FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE,
