Joao, thanks a lot for the feedback. One more thing needs to mention is that dmemfs also support fine-grained memory management which makes it more flexible for tenants with different requirements. On Fri, Oct 9, 2020 at 3:01 AM Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > [adding a couple folks that directly or indirectly work on the subject] > > On 10/8/20 8:53 AM, yulei.kernel@xxxxxxxxx wrote: > > From: Yulei Zhang <yuleixzhang@xxxxxxxxxxx> > > > > In current system each physical memory page is assocaited with > > a page structure which is used to track the usage of this page. > > But due to the memory usage rapidly growing in cloud environment, > > we find the resource consuming for page structure storage becomes > > highly remarkable. So is it an expense that we could spare? > > > Happy to see another person working to solve the same problem! > > I am really glad to see more folks being interested in solving > this problem and I hope we can join efforts? > > BTW, there is also a second benefit in removing struct page - > which is carving out memory from the direct map. > > > This patchset introduces an idea about how to save the extra > > memory through a new virtual filesystem -- dmemfs. > > > > Dmemfs (Direct Memory filesystem) is device memory or reserved > > memory based filesystem. This kind of memory is special as it > > is not managed by kernel and most important it is without 'struct page'. > > Therefore we can leverage the extra memory from the host system > > to support more tenants in our cloud service. > > > This is like a walk down the memory lane. > > About a year ago we followed the same exact idea/motivation to > have memory outside of the direct map (and removing struct page overhead) > and started with our own layer/thingie. However we realized that DAX > is one the subsystems which already gives you direct access to memory > for free (and is already upstream), plus a couple of things which we > found more handy. > > So we sent an RFC a couple months ago: > > https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20200110190313.17144-1-joao.m.martins@xxxxxxxxxx/ > > Since then majority of the work has been in improving DAX[1]. > But now that is done I am going to follow up with the above patchset. > > [1] > https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/159625229779.3040297.11363509688097221416.stgit@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/ > > (Give me a couple of days and I will send you the link to the latest > patches on a git-tree - would love feedback!) > > The struct page removal for DAX would then be small, and ticks the > same bells and whistles (MCE handling, reserving PAT memtypes, ptrace > support) that we both do, with a smaller diffstat and it doesn't > touch KVM (not at least fundamentally). > > 15 files changed, 401 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-) > > The things needed in core-mm is for handling PMD/PUD PAGE_SPECIAL much > like we both do. Furthermore there wouldn't be a need for a new vm type, > consuming an extra page bit (in addition to PAGE_SPECIAL) or new filesystem. > > [1] > https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/159625229779.3040297.11363509688097221416.stgit@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/ > > > > We uses a kernel boot parameter 'dmem=' to reserve the system > > memory when the host system boots up, the details can be checked > > in /Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt. > > > > Theoretically for each 4k physical page it can save 64 bytes if > > we drop the 'struct page', so for guest memory with 320G it can > > save about 5G physical memory totally. > > > Also worth mentioning that if you only care about 'struct page' cost, and not on the > security boundary, there's also some work on hugetlbfs preallocation of hugepages into > tricking vmemmap in reusing tail pages. > > https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20200915125947.26204-1-songmuchun@xxxxxxxxxxxxx/ > > Going forward that could also make sense for device-dax to avoid so many > struct pages allocated (which would require its transition to compound > struct pages like hugetlbfs which we are looking at too). In addition an > idea <handwaving> would be perhaps to have a stricter mode in DAX where > we initialize/use the metadata ('struct page') but remove the underlaying > PFNs (of the 'struct page') from the direct map having to bear the cost of > mapping/unmapping on gup/pup. > > Joao
