On Tue, Apr 15, 2008 at 9:37 PM, Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> > Now I think the improvements of IO effciency in the development of
> > 2.6.22 also caused the instability of iowait time, right? but how
> > to find out? Simple bisecting seems not work.
>
> Why doesn't bisecting work? Can you provide your test code so others
> can verify your findings?
the attachment c file is the test program, compile it with `gcc -Wall
-D_GNU_SOURCE aio-test.c -lrt -lpthread`
and the following is the main logic:
1. main initiates several pthread;
2. each pthread infinitely calls run_once;
3. each run_once opens several file, using aio_write to writes some
arbitrary data;
4. aio_suspend to wait for these POSIX aio;
5. each run_once wait for aio_write all complete, then output the statistics;
6. the program run for ever;
while the program running, we use top,vmstat,iostat to inspect the
system performance, and the result is:
1. kernel 2.6.22/23/24 has better throughput than kernel below 2.6.21,
but worse iowait time;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define MAX_LIST 1000
char *dir = "/tmp";
int buf_size = 8, files_nr = 4, thread_nr = 2, o_dir = 0;
struct asyc_file {
struct timeval *t_diff;
int idx;
};
void aio_complete(sigval_t sigev_value)
{
int i;
struct timeval ts, te;
struct asyc_file *asfp;
struct timeval *t_diff;
asfp = sigev_value.sival_ptr;
t_diff = asfp->t_diff;
i = asfp->idx;
gettimeofday(&te, NULL);
ts = t_diff[i];
timersub(&te, &ts, &t_diff[i]);
free(asfp);
/*
printf("aio %i, started %f, ended %f, diff %f\n",
i,
ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_usec / 1000000.0,
te.tv_sec + te.tv_usec / 1000000.0,
t_diff[i].tv_sec + t_diff[i].tv_usec / 1000000.0
);
*/
}
/*
* run in every thread:
* MAX_LIST aio per file descriptor,
* files_nr filedes per thread,
*/
void run_once(void)
{
struct aiocb my_aiocb[MAX_LIST] = {};
char buf[buf_size * 1024];
int i, fds[files_nr], ret;
unsigned long int pid, tid;
struct timeval t_diff[MAX_LIST];
float sum, avg;
pid = getpid();
tid = pthread_self();
for (i = 0; i < files_nr; ++i) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/dir1%lu/file1%lu-%li",
dir, tid, tid, random());
ret = fds[i] = open(buf,
O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC|O_NOATIME| o_dir, 0644);
if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "open error: %i, %s, "
"tid %lu of pid %lu exited\n",
errno, strerror(errno),
tid, pid);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
}
int div = ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff) / files_nr;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
struct asyc_file *asfp;
asfp = calloc(1, sizeof(*asfp));
asfp->t_diff = t_diff;
asfp->idx = i;
int fd_idx = i / div;
int fd = fds[fd_idx];
if (isatty(fd) || fd <= 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "size %i, idx %i, div %i, fd_idx %i, "
"fd %i, %i, %s\n",
ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff), i, div, fd_idx,
fd, errno, strerror(errno));
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
my_aiocb[i].aio_fildes = fd;
my_aiocb[i].aio_buf = buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_nbytes = sizeof buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_offset = (i % div) * sizeof buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_function = aio_complete;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_attributes = NULL;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_value.sival_ptr = asfp;
gettimeofday(&t_diff[i], NULL);
aio_write(&my_aiocb[i]);
/* sched_yield(); */
}
struct timeval tv;
struct tm tm;
/*
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu/%lu/%lu/%i aio_write started\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff)
);
*/
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
const struct aiocb *my_aiocb_p = &my_aiocb[i];
ret = aio_suspend(&my_aiocb_p, 1, NULL);
if (ret < 0)
perror("aio_suspend");
/*
else
printf("aio_suspend %i returned with ret %i\n", i, ret);
*/
}
/*
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu/%lu/%lu/%i aio_write completed\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff)
);
*/
sleep(1);
int errors = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
ret = aio_return(&my_aiocb[i]);
if (ret < 0)
errors++;
}
for (i = 0; i < files_nr; ++i)
close(fds[i]);
sum = 0.0f;
int valid = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
float t = t_diff[i].tv_sec + t_diff[i].tv_usec / 1000000.0;
if (t > 1199116800.0) /* time_t for 2008/01/01 */
fprintf(stderr, "timeout for %f\n", t);
else {
valid++;
sum += t;
}
}
avg = sum / valid;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu: pid %lu, tid %lu, total valid %i aio, avg %f, errors %i%%\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, valid, avg, errors * 100 / ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff));
}
void *per_thread_run(void *parm)
{
unsigned long int tid;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
int ret;
tid = pthread_self();
printf("thread %lu started\n", tid);
snprintf(buf, BUFSIZ, "%s/dir1%lu", dir, tid);
ret = mkdir(buf, 0755);
if (ret < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
perror("mkdir");
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
while (1)
run_once();
return NULL;
}
char *progname;
char *help_message =
"Usage: %s [-d dir] [-t thread_nr] [-b writebuf_size] [-f files_nr] [-h]\n"
"\t-%c\n";
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int opt;
int i, ret;
pthread_t *thread_ids;
progname = argv[0];
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "d:t:b:f:oh")) != EOF) {
switch (opt) {
case 'd':
dir = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 't':
thread_nr = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'b':
buf_size = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'f':
files_nr = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'o':
o_dir = O_DIRECT;
break;
case '?':
case 'h':
default:
fprintf(stderr, help_message, progname, opt);
exit(1);
}
}
setlinebuf(stdout);
struct rlimit rl;
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
printf("curr %lu, max %lu\n", rl.rlim_cur, rl.rlim_max);
rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = 10240;
setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
printf("curr %lu, max %lu\n", rl.rlim_cur, rl.rlim_max);
/* total 5 processes */
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
ret = fork();
if (ret < 0) {
perror("fork");
exit(1);
}
if (ret == 0)
/* break in child */
break;
}
srandom(time(NULL));
thread_ids = calloc(thread_nr, sizeof(pthread_t));
for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; ++i)
pthread_create(&thread_ids[i], NULL, per_thread_run, NULL);
for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; ++i)
pthread_join(thread_ids[i], NULL);
return 0;
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > by the way, a question is how to guarantee a kernel not regress under
> > heavy multi-thread aio writing load? ltp project seems not give the
> > answer:
>
> Well, providing your test code would be a step closer to achieving this
> guarantee. If it is scriptable, then there is a chance we could
> integrate it into the aio-dio regression test suite:
>
> http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/zab/aio-dio-regress.git;a=summary
and would aio-dio-regress.git accept POSIX aio regress tests? I have
several POSIX aio_write/read tests.
--
Denis
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <aio.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]))
#define MAX_LIST 1000
char *dir = "/tmp";
int buf_size = 8, files_nr = 4, thread_nr = 2, o_dir = 0;
struct asyc_file {
struct timeval *t_diff;
int idx;
};
void aio_complete(sigval_t sigev_value)
{
int i;
struct timeval ts, te;
struct asyc_file *asfp;
struct timeval *t_diff;
asfp = sigev_value.sival_ptr;
t_diff = asfp->t_diff;
i = asfp->idx;
gettimeofday(&te, NULL);
ts = t_diff[i];
timersub(&te, &ts, &t_diff[i]);
free(asfp);
/*
printf("aio %i, started %f, ended %f, diff %f\n",
i,
ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_usec / 1000000.0,
te.tv_sec + te.tv_usec / 1000000.0,
t_diff[i].tv_sec + t_diff[i].tv_usec / 1000000.0
);
*/
}
/*
* run in every thread:
* MAX_LIST aio per file descriptor,
* files_nr filedes per thread,
*/
void run_once(void)
{
struct aiocb my_aiocb[MAX_LIST] = {};
char buf[buf_size * 1024];
int i, fds[files_nr], ret;
unsigned long int pid, tid;
struct timeval t_diff[MAX_LIST];
float sum, avg;
pid = getpid();
tid = pthread_self();
for (i = 0; i < files_nr; ++i) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/dir1%lu/file1%lu-%li",
dir, tid, tid, random());
ret = fds[i] = open(buf,
O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC|O_NOATIME| o_dir, 0644);
if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "open error: %i, %s, "
"tid %lu of pid %lu exited\n",
errno, strerror(errno),
tid, pid);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
}
int div = ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff) / files_nr;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
struct asyc_file *asfp;
asfp = calloc(1, sizeof(*asfp));
asfp->t_diff = t_diff;
asfp->idx = i;
int fd_idx = i / div;
int fd = fds[fd_idx];
if (isatty(fd) || fd <= 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "size %i, idx %i, div %i, fd_idx %i, "
"fd %i, %i, %s\n",
ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff), i, div, fd_idx,
fd, errno, strerror(errno));
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
my_aiocb[i].aio_fildes = fd;
my_aiocb[i].aio_buf = buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_nbytes = sizeof buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_offset = (i % div) * sizeof buf;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_function = aio_complete;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_attributes = NULL;
my_aiocb[i].aio_sigevent.sigev_value.sival_ptr = asfp;
gettimeofday(&t_diff[i], NULL);
aio_write(&my_aiocb[i]);
/* sched_yield(); */
}
struct timeval tv;
struct tm tm;
/*
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu/%lu/%lu/%i aio_write started\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff)
);
*/
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
const struct aiocb *my_aiocb_p = &my_aiocb[i];
ret = aio_suspend(&my_aiocb_p, 1, NULL);
if (ret < 0)
perror("aio_suspend");
/*
else
printf("aio_suspend %i returned with ret %i\n", i, ret);
*/
}
/*
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu/%lu/%lu/%i aio_write completed\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff)
);
*/
sleep(1);
int errors = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
ret = aio_return(&my_aiocb[i]);
if (ret < 0)
errors++;
}
for (i = 0; i < files_nr; ++i)
close(fds[i]);
sum = 0.0f;
int valid = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff); ++i) {
float t = t_diff[i].tv_sec + t_diff[i].tv_usec / 1000000.0;
if (t > 1199116800.0) /* time_t for 2008/01/01 */
fprintf(stderr, "timeout for %f\n", t);
else {
valid++;
sum += t;
}
}
avg = sum / valid;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
strftime(buf, sizeof buf, "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm);
printf("%s.%06lu: pid %lu, tid %lu, total valid %i aio, avg %f, errors %i%%\n",
buf, tv.tv_usec,
pid, tid, valid, avg, errors * 100 / ARRAY_SIZE(t_diff));
}
void *per_thread_run(void *parm)
{
unsigned long int tid;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
int ret;
tid = pthread_self();
printf("thread %lu started\n", tid);
snprintf(buf, BUFSIZ, "%s/dir1%lu", dir, tid);
ret = mkdir(buf, 0755);
if (ret < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
perror("mkdir");
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
while (1)
run_once();
return NULL;
}
char *progname;
char *help_message =
"Usage: %s [-d dir] [-t thread_nr] [-b writebuf_size] [-f files_nr] [-h]\n"
"\t-%c\n";
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int opt;
int i, ret;
pthread_t *thread_ids;
progname = argv[0];
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "d:t:b:f:oh")) != EOF) {
switch (opt) {
case 'd':
dir = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 't':
thread_nr = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'b':
buf_size = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'f':
files_nr = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'o':
o_dir = O_DIRECT;
break;
case '?':
case 'h':
default:
fprintf(stderr, help_message, progname, opt);
exit(1);
}
}
setlinebuf(stdout);
struct rlimit rl;
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
printf("curr %lu, max %lu\n", rl.rlim_cur, rl.rlim_max);
rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = 10240;
setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
printf("curr %lu, max %lu\n", rl.rlim_cur, rl.rlim_max);
/* total 5 processes */
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
ret = fork();
if (ret < 0) {
perror("fork");
exit(1);
}
if (ret == 0)
/* break in child */
break;
}
srandom(time(NULL));
thread_ids = calloc(thread_nr, sizeof(pthread_t));
for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; ++i)
pthread_create(&thread_ids[i], NULL, per_thread_run, NULL);
for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; ++i)
pthread_join(thread_ids[i], NULL);
return 0;
}
