On Mon, Feb 25, 2019 at 12:09:04PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > XFS uses kmalloc() to allocate sector sized IO buffer. .... > Use page_frag_alloc() to allocate the sector sized buffer, then the > above issue can be fixed because offset_in_page of allocated buffer > is always sector aligned. Didn't we already reject this approach because page frags cannot be reused and that pages allocated to the frag pool are pinned in memory until all fragments allocated on the page have been freed? i.e. when we consider 64k page machines and 4k block sizes (i.e. default config), every single metadata allocation is a sub-page allocation and so will use this new page frag mechanism. IOWs, it will result in fragmenting memory severely and typical memory reclaim not being able to fix it because the metadata that pins each page is largely unreclaimable... Cheers, Dave. -- Dave Chinner david@xxxxxxxxxxxxx