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+.\" Copyright (c) 2017, IBM Corporation.
+.\" Written by Mike Rapoport <rppt@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
+.\" Based on vmsplice(2) by Jens Axboe and
+.\" process_vm_read(2) by Christopher Yeoh, Mike Frysinger and Michael Kerrisk
+.\"
+.\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
+.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
+.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
+.\" preserved on all copies.
+.\"
+.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+.\" permission notice identical to this one.
+.\"
+.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
+.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
+.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
+.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
+.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
+.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
+.\" professionally.
+.\"
+.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
+.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
+.\" %%%LICENSE_END
+.\"
+.TH PROCESS_VMSPLICE 2 2017-11-23 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.SH NAME
+process_vmsplice \- splice user pages from a specific process
+address space into a pipe
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.BR "#define _GNU_SOURCE" " /* See feature_test_macros(7) */"
+.B #include <unistd.h>
+.B #include <sys/uio.h>
+.PP
+.BI "ssize_t process_vmsplice(pid_t " pid ", int " fd ,
+.BI " const struct iovec *" iov ,
+.BI " unsigned long " nr_segs ,
+.BI " unsigned int " flags );
+.fi
+.PP
+.IR Note :
+There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+system call maps
+.I nr_segs
+ranges of user memory described by
+.I iov
+from address space of the process identified by
+.I pid
+into a pipe.
+The file descriptor
+.I fd
+must refer to a pipe.
+.PP
+The pointer
+.I iov
+points to an array of
+.I iovec
+structures as defined in
+.IR <sys/uio.h> :
+.PP
+.in +4n
+.EX
+struct iovec {
+ void *iov_base; /* Starting address */
+ size_t iov_len; /* Number of bytes */
+};
+.EE
+.in
+.PP
+The
+.I flags
+argument is a bit mask that is composed by ORing together
+zero or more of the following values:
+.RS
+.TP 1.9i
+.B SPLICE_F_MOVE
+Unused for
+.BR process_vmsplice ();
+see
+.BR splice (2).
+.TP
+.B SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK
+Do not block on I/O; see
+.BR splice (2)
+for further details.
+.TP
+.B SPLICE_F_MORE
+Currently has no effect for
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+.TP
+.B SPLICE_F_GIFT
+The user pages are a gift to the kernel.
+see
+.BR vmsplice (2)
+for further details.
+.RE
+.PP
+Buffers pointed by the
+.I iov
+parameter are processed in array order.
+This means that
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+completely fills
+.I iov[0]
+before proceeding to
+.IR iov[1] ,
+and so on.
+.PP
+The
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+does not check the memory regions in the process
+until just before remapping those regions into the pipe.
+Consequently, a partial read may result if one of the
+.I iov
+elements points to an invalid memory region in the process.
+No further reads will be attempted beyond that point.
+.PP
+Permission to read from or write to another process
+is governed by a ptrace access mode
+.B PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_REALCREDS
+check; see
+.BR ptrace (2).
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+Upon successful completion,
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+returns the number of bytes transferred to the pipe.
+On error,
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+returns \-1 and
+.I errno
+is set to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.TP
+.B EAGAIN
+.B SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK
+was specified in
+.IR flags ,
+and the operation would block.
+.TP
+.B EBADF
+.I fd
+either not valid, or doesn't refer to a pipe.
+.TP
+.B EINVAL
+.I nr_segs
+is greater than
+.BR IOV_MAX ;
+or memory not aligned if
+.B SPLICE_F_GIFT
+set.
+.TP
+.B ENOMEM
+Out of memory.
+.TP
+.B ESRCH
+No process with ID
+.I pid
+exists.
+.SH VERSIONS
+The
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+system call first appeared in Linux 4.15.
+.SH CONFORMING TO
+This system call is Linux-specific.
+.SH NOTES
+Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
+.BR syscall (2).
+.BR process_vmsplice ()
+follows the other vectorized read/write type functions when it comes to
+limitations on the number of segments being passed in.
+This limit is
+.B IOV_MAX
+as defined in
+.IR <limits.h> .
+Currently,
+.\" UIO_MAXIOV in kernel source
+this limit is 1024.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR process_vm_read (2)
+.BR ptrace (2),
+.BR splice (2),
+.BR pipe (7)
--
2.7.4
