Hello. Theodore Tso wrote: > Secondly, what results do you get when you run the command "hdparm -tT > /dev/sda" (or /dev/hda if you are using an IDE disk)? [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# hdparm -tT /dev/hda1 /dev/hda1: Timing cached reads: 10384 MB in 2.00 seconds = 5196.44 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 116 MB in 3.02 seconds = 38.36 MB/sec [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# hdparm -tT /dev/hda1 /dev/hda1: Timing cached reads: 10572 MB in 2.00 seconds = 5291.32 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 118 MB in 3.04 seconds = 38.83 MB/sec BIOS setting says it uses AHCI mode. > First of all, what does the "filefrag" program (shipped as part of > e2fsprogs, not included in some distributions) say if you run it as > root on your VM data file? Here is the result of "filefrag". *-f???*.vmdk is splitted in 2 GB each. [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag * Ubuntu7.10-0: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10-f001.vmdk: 151 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7.10-f002.vmdk: 36 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7.10-f003.vmdk: 5 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent Ubuntu7.10.nvram: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10.vmdk: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10.vmsd: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10.vmx: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10.vmxf: 1 extent found Ubuntu7.10.vmx.lck: Not a regular file Ubuntu7-f001.10-0: 167 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f002.10-0: 68 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f003.10-0: 20 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f004.10-0: 93 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f005.10-0: 316 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f006.10-0: 27 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f007.10-0: 21 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f008.10-0: 20 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f009.10-0: 78 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f010.10-0: 22 extents found, perfection would be 18 extents Ubuntu7-f011.10-0: 47 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent vmware-0.log: 4 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent vmware-1.log: 3 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent vmware-2.log: 15 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent vmware.log: 3 extents found, perfection would be 1 extent Yes, there are some discontiguous, but the ratio is not so high when considering their file size. Regarding 512MB-sized suspend image, it has more higher ratio of discontiguous, as shown below. When I just power on and suspend at grub, the extent is smaller than perfection. They would be sparse image (memory is allocated but not all memory is accessed). But when I do some operation after login, it yeilds more discontiguous. --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 1 extent found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 14 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 14 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 17 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 17 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 17 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 17 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 751 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 3281 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 3281 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- What? "sync" yields more discontiguous? --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 10 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 482 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 8 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 19 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 8 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 11 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 1 extent found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 1 extent found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 3 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 3 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- --- Start VM --- --- Suspend VM --- [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 629 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 629 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 2715 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 2760 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# sync [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 2769 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents [root@sakura Ubuntu7.10]# filefrag Ubuntu7.10.vmem Ubuntu7.10.vmem: 2769 extents found, perfection would be 5 extents --- Resume and poweroff VM --- As I repeated, it seems that the ratio of discontiguous depends on both "the location of file data allocated on the filesystem" and "the content of VM's memory". I don't know how many discontiguous were there when suspend/resume took many minutes. But I guess the ratio was very high. Your "filefrag" command is a very good tool! Thank you. - To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-fsdevel" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
