Hi,
I tried to use defrag utility. But these are the results that, I got:
[root@metis e4defrag]# ./defrag /dev/hda8
Start defragment for device(/dev/hda8)
Total: 393
Success: 0
Failure: 393
[root@metis e4defrag]# ./defrag /mnt/test1/root
Start defragment for directory(/mnt/test1/root)
Total: 392
Success: 0
Failure: 392
I tried same thing with different directories and files, but the result
was the same.
By doing strace on defrag utility I found that ioctl always returned
ENOSPC. So I decreased the no. files, but still that didn't help, I came
down till filesystem was only 9% full.
[root@metis test2]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda3 15116868 9762924 4586040 69% /
tmpfs 224880 0 224880 0% /dev/shm
/dev/hda1 2016016 17940 1895664 1% /boot
/dev/hda2 20161204 1364752 17772312 8% /mnt/store
/dev/hda9 15116868 9762924 4586040 69% /mnt/test1
/dev/hda10 972532 78136 844196 9% /mnt/test2
[root@metis ~]# ./e4defrag/defrag /dev/hda10
Start defragment for device(/dev/hda10)
Total: 4426
Success: 0
Failure: 4426
[root@metis ~]# ./e4defrag/defrag /mnt/test2/
dir/ linux-2.6.12/
[root@metis ~]# ./e4defrag/defrag /mnt/test2/linux-2.6.12/
arch/ crypto/ Documentation/ drivers/ MAINTAINERS
Makefile
[root@metis ~]# ./e4defrag/defrag /mnt/test2/linux-2.6.12/Makefile
Start defragment for /mnt/test2/linux-2.6.12/Makefile
e4defrag : defrag fail.: No space left on device
"/mnt/test2/linux-2.6.12/Makefile"
I was using linux kernel 2.6.16.8. I applied Alex's mballoc patches and
then your defrag patches..
Another thing, I changed one line in the defrag utility code.
-#define FS_EXT3 "ext4dev"
+#define FS_EXT3 "ext3"
I did mount the filesystem with mballoc and extents options.
Any ideas ?
Thanks & Regards,
Girish.
On Thu, 2006-11-09 at 20:09 +0900, sho@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx wrote:
> Hi,
>
> >I am considering the online defrag function for ext4 and thinking
> >that your following patch set for multi-block allocation is useful
> >to search contiguous free blocks for the defragmentation.
> >
> >"[RFC] extents,mballoc,delalloc for 2.6.16.8"
> >http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-ext4&m=114669168616780&w=2
> >
> >I will send the patch of simple defrag implementation for ext4 later.
>
> I have written the patches of ioctl for extent base online defragment
> and the command which call it.
> These patches are at the experimental stage so they need many
> improvements. But they work well so far as basic defragmenter,
> which means they are worth enough to examine my trial.
>
> - Specify the target area in a file using the following structure:
> struct ext3_ext_defrag_data {
> loff_t start_offset; /* start offset to defrag in bytes */
> loff_t defrag_size; /* size of defrag in bytes */
> }
> It uses loff_t so that the size of the structure is identical on
> both 32 bits and 64 bits architecture.
> Block allocation, including searching for the free contiguous
> blocks, is implemented in kernel.
>
> - The procedures for the defragment in kernel are as follows:
> Blocks are allocated for the temporary inode by 16384 pages
> and the block on the temporary inode is moved to the original inode
> by a page. I think I need to tune the above pages unit
> for the performance. It's in my TODO list.
> 1. Allocate blocks for the temporary inode.
> 2. Move the blocks on the temporary inode to the original inode
> by a page.
> 2.1 Read the file data from the old blocks to the page
> 2.2 Move the block on the temporary inode to the original inode
> 2.3 Write the file data on the page into the new blocks
>
> - Currently, this patch works only for ext3 because it needs
> Alex Tomas's ext3 multi-block allocation patch which is for 2.6.16.8.
> "[RFC] extents,mballoc,delalloc for 2.6.16.8"
> http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-ext4&m=114669168616780&w=2
> But, my target is the defragment for ext4. So I hope to start
> the work for ext4 soon.
>
> - On block allocation for the temporary inode(ext3_ext_new_extent_tree()),
> the number of the modified blocks for metadata(extent block) is
> calculated in ext3_ext_writepage_trans_blocks(). As the resulting
> value can exceed the max blocks for the transaction(2048), passing
> 2048 directly to ext3_journal_start() for the provisional solution.
> It's in my TODO list.
>
> - They don't support the following:
> - Not support the indirect block file(only for the extent file).
> - Not optimize the depth of extent tree and the number of
> extent blocks after defragmentation.
> - Not support quota.
> - Not support a hole file.
> These are also in my TODO list.
>
> Summary Of Patches:
> *These patches apply on top of above Alex's patches.
>
> [PATCH 1/3] Allocate new contiguous blocks with Alex's mballoc
> - Search contiguous free blocks and allocate them for the temporary
> inode with Alex's multi-block allocation.
>
> [PATCH 2/3] Move the file data to the new blocks
> - Move the blocks on the temporary inode to the original inode
> by a page.
>
> [PATCH 3/3] Online defrag command
> - The defrag command. Usage is as follows:
> o Defrag for a file.
> # e4defrag file-name
> o Defrag for all files on ext3.
> # e4defrag device-name
>
> I created 50 fragmented files of 1GB and ran e4defrag for each of them.
> As a result, I got the following improvement.
> "Fragments" is the total number of fragments on 50 files.
> "I/O performance" is the elapsed time for reading 50 files
> with "cat" command(cat file* > /dev/null).
>
> Before defrag After defrag
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> Fragments 12175 800
> I/O performance(Second) 618.3 460.6(25% improvement!!)
>
> Any comments are welcome.
> Cheers, Takashi
> -
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