On Thu, Dec 12, 2024 at 12:37:39AM -0500, Theodore Ts'o wrote: > More generally, any file system which uses the buffer cache, and > doesn't use jbd2 to control when writeback happens, I think is going > to be at risk with a block device which requires stable writes. The > only way to fix this, really, is to have the buffer cache code copy > the data to a bounce buffer, and then issue the write from the bounce > buffer. Should there be a pr_warn_once when using a file systems using the legacy buffer cache interfaces on a device that requires stable pages?