On Tue, Sep 29, 2020 at 10:06:46PM -0400, Theodore Y. Ts'o wrote: > One of the interesting questions is how reliable the dump utility > really is; that's because it works by reading the metadata directly > --- while the file system is mounted. So it's quite possible for the > metadata to be changing out from under the dump/restore process. > Especially with metadata checksums, I suspect dump/restore is going > much more unreliable in terms of the libext2fs returning checksum > failures. Before using a tool like dumpe2fs you'll need to do a fsfreeze, and then everything should be fine. Best would be to patch the tool to issue the freeze/unfreeze ioctls itself.