The problem happened when I was stress testing my IMAP server using a ext3 filesystem created inside 1GB file in XFS. The ext3 image can be downloaded from http://dovecot.org/tmp/broken-ext3fs.gz Then do: rename("/mnt/Maildir/.Trash/new/1174635781.P25986Q0M341350.hurina", "/mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635781.P25986Q0M341350.hurina:2,"); You'll see that the source file won't get unlinked from new/ directory, even though rename() returns 0. (Don't use /bin/mv for testing, it'll unlink(), not rename()). This is fully reproduceable with me. Vanilla 2.6.20 kernel, x86-64 SMP. Other renames that are broken: /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634032.P23859Q0M8966.hurina:2,FR -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634032.P23859Q0M8966.hurina:2,RSe /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174655534.P24036Q0M568306.hurina:2, -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174655534.P24036Q0M568306.hurina:2,FRde /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634141.P26381Q0M456574.hurina:2,DRce -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634141.P26381Q0M456574.hurina:2,DFRce /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634674.P4936Q0M158888.hurina:2,b -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634674.P4936Q0M158888.hurina:2,Dae /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635529.P21439Q0M369287.hurina:2,FRabd -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635529.P21439Q0M369287.hurina:2,Sab /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174633952.P22125Q1M462390.hurina:2,Sbc -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174633952.P22125Q1M462390.hurina:2,DFRSbc /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635536.P21699Q0M303872.hurina:2,FRSde -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635536.P21699Q0M303872.hurina:2,Sab /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634168.P26948Q0M641713.hurina:2,bdc -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634168.P26948Q0M641713.hurina:2,Rbdc /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635988.P29139Q0M957075.hurina:2,DRd -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635988.P29139Q0M957075.hurina:2,be /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635746.P25391Q0M231431.hurina:2, -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635746.P25391Q0M231431.hurina:2,abe /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634129.P26063Q0M629252.hurina:2,DRde -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634129.P26063Q0M629252.hurina:2,DRd /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635744.P25345Q0M695919.hurina:2,c -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635744.P25345Q0M695919.hurina:2,abc /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634548.P2478Q0M911503.hurina:2,DFSad -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634548.P2478Q0M911503.hurina:2,DSa /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635164.P14762Q0M158308.hurina:2, -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635164.P14762Q0M158308.hurina /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634671.P4940Q0M644537.hurina:2,Re -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634671.P4940Q0M644537.hurina:2,bd /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634633.P3937Q0M292724.hurina:2,FRSd -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174634633.P3937Q0M292724.hurina:2,FRSabdce /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174633952.P22146Q0M723956.hurina:2,Rbde -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174633952.P22146Q0M723956.hurina:2,Sbde /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635616.P23078Q4.hurina:2,DFR -> /mnt/Maildir/.Trash/cur/1174635616.P23078Q4.hurina:2,Rb
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