Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/vm/hmm.txt | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hmm.txt b/Documentation/vm/hmm.txt
index 4d3aac9..3fafa33 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/hmm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/vm/hmm.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
+.. hmm:
+
+=====================================
Heterogeneous Memory Management (HMM)
+=====================================
Transparently allow any component of a program to use any memory region of said
program with a device without using device specific memory allocator. This is
@@ -14,19 +18,10 @@ deals with how device memory is represented inside the kernel. Finaly the last
section present the new migration helper that allow to leverage the device DMA
engine.
+.. contents:: :local:
-1) Problems of using device specific memory allocator:
-2) System bus, device memory characteristics
-3) Share address space and migration
-4) Address space mirroring implementation and API
-5) Represent and manage device memory from core kernel point of view
-6) Migrate to and from device memory
-7) Memory cgroup (memcg) and rss accounting
-
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-1) Problems of using device specific memory allocator:
+Problems of using device specific memory allocator
+==================================================
Device with large amount of on board memory (several giga bytes) like GPU have
historically manage their memory through dedicated driver specific API. This
@@ -68,9 +63,8 @@ only do-able with a share address. It is as well more reasonable to use a share
address space for all the other patterns.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-2) System bus, device memory characteristics
+System bus, device memory characteristics
+=========================================
System bus cripple share address due to few limitations. Most system bus only
allow basic memory access from device to main memory, even cache coherency is
@@ -100,9 +94,8 @@ access any memory memory but we must also permit any memory to be migrated to
device memory while device is using it (blocking CPU access while it happens).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-3) Share address space and migration
+Share address space and migration
+=================================
HMM intends to provide two main features. First one is to share the address
space by duplication the CPU page table into the device page table so same
@@ -140,14 +133,13 @@ leverage device memory by migrating part of data-set that is actively use by a
device.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-4) Address space mirroring implementation and API
+Address space mirroring implementation and API
+==============================================
Address space mirroring main objective is to allow to duplicate range of CPU
page table into a device page table and HMM helps keeping both synchronize. A
device driver that want to mirror a process address space must start with the
-registration of an hmm_mirror struct:
+registration of an hmm_mirror struct::
int hmm_mirror_register(struct hmm_mirror *mirror,
struct mm_struct *mm);
@@ -156,7 +148,7 @@ registration of an hmm_mirror struct:
The locked variant is to be use when the driver is already holding the mmap_sem
of the mm in write mode. The mirror struct has a set of callback that are use
-to propagate CPU page table:
+to propagate CPU page table::
struct hmm_mirror_ops {
/* sync_cpu_device_pagetables() - synchronize page tables
@@ -187,7 +179,8 @@ be done with the update.
When device driver wants to populate a range of virtual address it can use
-either:
+either::
+
int hmm_vma_get_pfns(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
struct hmm_range *range,
unsigned long start,
@@ -211,7 +204,7 @@ that array correspond to an address in the virtual range. HMM provide a set of
flags to help driver identify special CPU page table entries.
Locking with the update() callback is the most important aspect the driver must
-respect in order to keep things properly synchronize. The usage pattern is :
+respect in order to keep things properly synchronize. The usage pattern is::
int driver_populate_range(...)
{
@@ -251,9 +244,8 @@ concurrently for multiple devices. Waiting for each device to report commands
as executed is serialize (there is no point in doing this concurrently).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-5) Represent and manage device memory from core kernel point of view
+Represent and manage device memory from core kernel point of view
+=================================================================
Several differents design were try to support device memory. First one use
device specific data structure to keep information about migrated memory and
@@ -269,14 +261,14 @@ un-aware of the difference. We only need to make sure that no one ever try to
map those page from the CPU side.
HMM provide a set of helpers to register and hotplug device memory as a new
-region needing struct page. This is offer through a very simple API:
+region needing struct page. This is offer through a very simple API::
struct hmm_devmem *hmm_devmem_add(const struct hmm_devmem_ops *ops,
struct device *device,
unsigned long size);
void hmm_devmem_remove(struct hmm_devmem *devmem);
-The hmm_devmem_ops is where most of the important things are:
+The hmm_devmem_ops is where most of the important things are::
struct hmm_devmem_ops {
void (*free)(struct hmm_devmem *devmem, struct page *page);
@@ -294,13 +286,12 @@ second callback happens whenever CPU try to access a device page which it can
not do. This second callback must trigger a migration back to system memory.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-6) Migrate to and from device memory
+Migrate to and from device memory
+=================================
Because CPU can not access device memory, migration must use device DMA engine
to perform copy from and to device memory. For this we need a new migration
-helper:
+helper::
int migrate_vma(const struct migrate_vma_ops *ops,
struct vm_area_struct *vma,
@@ -319,7 +310,7 @@ such migration base on range of address the device is actively accessing.
The migrate_vma_ops struct define two callbacks. First one (alloc_and_copy())
control destination memory allocation and copy operation. Second one is there
-to allow device driver to perform cleanup operation after migration.
+to allow device driver to perform cleanup operation after migration::
struct migrate_vma_ops {
void (*alloc_and_copy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
@@ -353,9 +344,8 @@ bandwidth but this is considered as a rare event and a price that we are
willing to pay to keep all the code simpler.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-7) Memory cgroup (memcg) and rss accounting
+Memory cgroup (memcg) and rss accounting
+========================================
For now device memory is accounted as any regular page in rss counters (either
anonymous if device page is use for anonymous, file if device page is use for
--
2.7.4
--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-doc" in
the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
