This microbenchmark simulates how the use of different futex types
can affect the actual performanace of userspace mutex locks. The
usage is:
perf bench futex mutex <options>
Three sets of simple mutex lock and unlock functions are implemented
using the wait-wake and PI futexes as well as the glibc mutex
respectively. This microbenchmark then runs the locking rate
measurement tests using either one of those mutexes or all of them
consecutively.
An example output from this microbenchmark was as follows:
[PID 19203]: 36 threads doing WW futex lockings (load=5) for 10 secs.
Locking statistics:
Test run time = 10.00s
Total exclusive locking ops = 40,341,750
Exclusive lock slowpaths = 9,641,061
Exclusive unlock slowpaths = 13,168,413
EAGAIN lock errors = 9,032,324
Process wakeups = 1,733,311
Percentages:
Exclusive lock slowpaths = 23.9%
Exclusive unlock slowpaths = 32.6%
EAGAIN lock errors = 93.7%
Process wakeups = 13.2%
Per-thread Locking Rates:
Avg = 112,057 ops/sec (+- 0.56%)
Min = 105,377 ops/sec
Max = 119,632 ops/sec
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt | 2 +
tools/perf/bench/Build | 1 +
tools/perf/bench/bench.h | 1 +
tools/perf/bench/futex-locks.c | 815 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
tools/perf/builtin-bench.c | 10 +
5 files changed, 829 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 tools/perf/bench/futex-locks.c
diff --git a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
index 34750fc..1fa5a74 100644
--- a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
+++ b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
@@ -203,6 +203,8 @@ Suite for evaluating requeue calls.
*lock-pi*::
Suite for evaluating futex lock_pi calls.
+*mutex*::
+Suite for evaluating futex calls for implementing userspace mutexes.
SEE ALSO
--------
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/Build b/tools/perf/bench/Build
index 60bf119..7ce1cd7 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/Build
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/Build
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ perf-y += futex-wake.o
perf-y += futex-wake-parallel.o
perf-y += futex-requeue.o
perf-y += futex-lock-pi.o
+perf-y += futex-locks.o
perf-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.o
perf-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += mem-memset-x86-64-asm.o
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/bench.h b/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
index 579a592..b0632df 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
int bench_futex_requeue(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
/* pi futexes */
int bench_futex_lock_pi(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+int bench_futex_mutex(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
#define BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT_STR "default"
#define BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT 0
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/futex-locks.c b/tools/perf/bench/futex-locks.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02254c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/futex-locks.c
@@ -0,0 +1,815 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Waiman Long <longman@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * This microbenchmark simulates how the use of different futex types can
+ * affect the actual performanace of userspace locking primitives like mutex.
+ *
+ * The raw throughput of the futex lock and unlock calls is not a good
+ * indication of actual throughput of the mutex code as it may not really
+ * need to call into the kernel. Therefore, 3 sets of simple mutex lock and
+ * unlock functions are written to implenment a mutex lock using the
+ * wait-wake (2 versions) and PI futexes respectively. These functions serve
+ * as the basis for measuring the locking throughput.
+ */
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "../util/stat.h"
+#include "../perf-sys.h"
+#include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
+#include <linux/compiler.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "bench.h"
+#include "futex.h"
+
+#include <err.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+#define CACHELINE_SIZE 64
+#define gettid() syscall(SYS_gettid)
+#define __cacheline_aligned __attribute__((__aligned__(CACHELINE_SIZE)))
+
+typedef u32 futex_t;
+typedef void (*lock_fn_t)(futex_t *futex, int tid);
+typedef void (*unlock_fn_t)(futex_t *futex, int tid);
+
+/*
+ * Statistical count list
+ */
+enum {
+ STAT_OPS, /* # of exclusive locking operations */
+ STAT_LOCKS, /* # of exclusive lock slowpath count */
+ STAT_UNLOCKS, /* # of exclusive unlock slowpath count */
+ STAT_SLEEPS, /* # of exclusive lock sleeps */
+ STAT_EAGAINS, /* # of EAGAIN errors */
+ STAT_WAKEUPS, /* # of wakeups (unlock return) */
+ STAT_TIMEOUTS, /* # of exclusive lock timeouts */
+ STAT_LOCKERRS, /* # of exclusive lock errors */
+ STAT_UNLKERRS, /* # of exclusive unlock errors */
+ STAT_NUM /* Total # of statistical count */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Syscall time list
+ */
+enum {
+ TIME_LOCK, /* Total exclusive lock syscall time */
+ TIME_UNLK, /* Total exclusive unlock syscall time */
+ TIME_NUM,
+};
+
+struct worker {
+ futex_t *futex;
+ pthread_t thread;
+
+ /*
+ * Per-thread operation statistics
+ */
+ u32 stats[STAT_NUM];
+
+ /*
+ * Lock/unlock times
+ */
+ u64 times[TIME_NUM];
+} __cacheline_aligned;
+
+/*
+ * Global cache-aligned futex
+ */
+static futex_t __cacheline_aligned global_futex;
+static futex_t *pfutex = &global_futex;
+
+static __thread futex_t thread_id; /* Thread ID */
+static __thread int counter; /* Sleep counter */
+
+static struct worker *worker, *worker_alloc;
+static unsigned int nsecs = 10;
+static unsigned int timeout;
+static bool verbose, done, fshared, exit_now, timestat;
+static unsigned int ncpus, nthreads;
+static int flags;
+static const char *ftype;
+static int loadlat = 1;
+static int locklat = 1;
+static int wratio;
+struct timeval start, end, runtime;
+struct timespec *ptospec = NULL;
+struct timespec tospec;
+static unsigned int worker_start;
+static unsigned int threads_starting;
+static unsigned int threads_stopping;
+static struct stats throughput_stats;
+static lock_fn_t mutex_lock_fn;
+static unlock_fn_t mutex_unlock_fn;
+
+/*
+ * Glibc mutex
+ */
+static pthread_mutex_t __cacheline_aligned mutex;
+static pthread_mutexattr_t mutex_attr;
+static bool mutex_inited, mutex_attr_inited;
+
+/*
+ * Compute the syscall time in ns.
+ */
+static void compute_systime(int tid, int item, struct timespec *begin)
+{
+ struct timespec etime;
+
+ clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &etime);
+ worker[tid].times[item] += (etime.tv_sec - begin->tv_sec)*1000000000 +
+ etime.tv_nsec - begin->tv_nsec;
+}
+
+static inline double stat_percent(struct worker *w, int top, int bottom)
+{
+ return (double)w->stats[top] * 100 / w->stats[bottom];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Macro for syscall time computation
+ * The variables ret and tid must exist in the parent scope.
+ */
+#define FUTEX_CALL(func, item, ...) \
+ if (unlikely(timestat)) { \
+ struct timespec stime; \
+ clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &stime); \
+ ret = func(__VA_ARGS__); \
+ compute_systime(tid, item, &stime); \
+ } else { \
+ ret = func(__VA_ARGS__); \
+ }
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions to update the statistical counts
+ *
+ * Enable statistics collection may sometimes impact the locking rates
+ * to be measured. So we can specify the DISABLE_STAT macro to disable
+ * statistic counts collection for all except the core locking rate counts.
+ *
+ * #define DISABLE_STAT
+ */
+#ifndef DISABLE_STAT
+static inline void stat_add(int tid, int item, int num)
+{
+ worker[tid].stats[item] += num;
+}
+
+static inline void stat_inc(int tid, int item)
+{
+ stat_add(tid, item, 1);
+}
+#else
+static inline void stat_add(int tid __maybe_unused, int item __maybe_unused,
+ int num __maybe_unused)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void stat_inc(int tid __maybe_unused, int item __maybe_unused)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * The latency values within a lock critical section (load) and between locking
+ * operations is in term of the number of cpu_relax() calls that are being
+ * issued.
+ */
+static const struct option mutex_options[] = {
+ OPT_INTEGER ('d', "locklat", &locklat, "Specify inter-locking latency (default = 1)"),
+ OPT_STRING ('f', "ftype", &ftype, "type", "Specify futex type: WW, PI, GC, all (default)"),
+ OPT_INTEGER ('l', "loadlat", &loadlat, "Specify load latency (default = 1)"),
+ OPT_UINTEGER('r', "runtime", &nsecs, "Specify runtime (in seconds, default = 10s)"),
+ OPT_BOOLEAN ('S', "shared", &fshared, "Use shared futexes instead of private ones"),
+ OPT_BOOLEAN ('s', "timestat", ×tat, "Track lock/unlock syscall times"),
+ OPT_UINTEGER('T', "timeout", &timeout, "Specify timeout value (in us, default = no timeout)"),
+ OPT_UINTEGER('t', "threads", &nthreads, "Specify number of threads, default = # of CPUs"),
+ OPT_BOOLEAN ('v', "verbose", &verbose, "Verbose mode: display thread-level details"),
+ OPT_INTEGER ('w', "wait-ratio", &wratio, "Specify <n>/1024 of load is 1us sleep, default = 0"),
+ OPT_END()
+};
+
+static const char * const bench_futex_mutex_usage[] = {
+ "perf bench futex mutex <options>",
+ NULL
+};
+
+/*
+ * GCC atomic builtins are only available on gcc 4.7 and higher.
+ */
+#if GCC_VERSION >= 40700
+
+#define smp_load_acquire(p) __atomic_load_n(p, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)
+#define smp_store_release(p,v) __atomic_store_n(p, v, __ATOMIC_RELEASE)
+#define atomic_add_return(p,v) __atomic_add_fetch(p, v, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+#define atomic_add_acquire(p,v) __atomic_add_fetch(p, v, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)
+#define atomic_add_release(p,v) __atomic_add_fetch(p, v, __ATOMIC_RELEASE)
+#define atomic_add_relaxed(p,v) __atomic_add_fetch(p, v, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+#define atomic_dec_release(p) __atomic_sub_fetch(p, 1, __ATOMIC_RELEASE)
+#define atomic_xchg(p,v) __atomic_exchange_n(p, v, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+#define atomic_xchg_acquire(p,v) \
+ __atomic_exchange_n(p, v, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)
+#define atomic_xchg_release(p,v) \
+ __atomic_exchange_n(p, v, __ATOMIC_RELEASE)
+#define atomic_xchg_relaxed(p,v) \
+ __atomic_exchange_n(p, v, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+
+#define atomic_cmpxchg(p,po,n) \
+ __atomic_compare_exchange_n(p, po, n, 0, \
+ __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(p,po,n) \
+ __atomic_compare_exchange_n(p, po, n, 0, \
+ __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_release(p,po,n) \
+ __atomic_compare_exchange_n(p, po, n, 0, \
+ __ATOMIC_RELEASE, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_relaxed(p,po,n) \
+ __atomic_compare_exchange_n(p, po, n, 0, \
+ __ATOMIC_RELAXED, __ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+
+#else /* GCC_VERSION >= 40700 */
+
+#define smp_load_acquire(p) \
+({ \
+ typeof(*p) __v = *p; \
+ __sync_synchronize(); \
+ __v; \
+})
+
+#define smp_store_release(p,v) \
+do { \
+ __sync_synchronize(); \
+ *(p) = v; \
+} while (0)
+
+#define atomic_cmpxchg(p,po,n) \
+({ \
+ typeof(*po) __o = *po, __c; \
+ bool __r; \
+ __c = __sync_val_compare_and_swap(p, __o, n); \
+ __r = (__c == __o); \
+ if (!__r) \
+ *po = __c; \
+ __r; \
+})
+
+#define atomic_add_return(p,v) __sync_add_and_fetch(p, v)
+#define atomic_add_acquire(p,v) atomic_add_return(p,v)
+#define atomic_add_release(p,v) atomic_add_return(p,v)
+#define atomic_add_relaxed(p,v) atomic_add_return(p,v)
+#define atomic_dec_release(p) atomic_add_return(p,-1)
+#define atomic_xchg(p,v) __sync_lock_test_and_set(p, v)
+
+#define atomic_xchg_acquire(p,v) atomic_xchg(p,v)
+#define atomic_xchg_release(p,v) atomic_xchg(p,v)
+#define atomic_xchg_relaxed(p,v) atomic_xchg(p,v)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(p,po,n) atomic_cmpxchg(p,po,n)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_release(p,po,n) atomic_cmpxchg(p,po,n)
+#define atomic_cmpxchg_relaxed(p,po,n) atomic_cmpxchg(p,po,n)
+
+#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40700 */
+
+#define atomic_inc_return(p) atomic_add_return(p, 1)
+#define atomic_dec_return(p) atomic_add_return(p, -1)
+
+/**********************[ MUTEX lock/unlock functions ]*********************/
+
+/*
+ * Wait-wake futex lock/unlock functions (Glibc implementation)
+ * futex value: 0 - unlocked
+ * 1 - locked
+ * 2 - locked with waiters (contended)
+ */
+static void ww_mutex_lock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val = 0;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(futex, &val, 1))
+ return;
+
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKS);
+ for (;;) {
+ if (val != 2) {
+ /*
+ * Force value to 2 to indicate waiter
+ */
+ val = atomic_xchg_acquire(futex, 2);
+ if (val == 0)
+ return;
+ }
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_wait, TIME_LOCK, futex, 2, ptospec, flags);
+
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ if (errno == EAGAIN)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_EAGAINS);
+ else if (errno == ETIMEDOUT)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_TIMEOUTS);
+ else
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKERRS);
+ }
+
+ val = *futex;
+ }
+}
+
+static void ww_mutex_unlock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val;
+ int ret;
+
+ val = atomic_xchg_release(futex, 0);
+
+ if (val == 2) {
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLOCKS);
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_wake, TIME_UNLK, futex, 1, flags);
+
+ if (ret < 0)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLKERRS);
+ else
+ stat_add(tid, STAT_WAKEUPS, ret);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Alternate wait-wake futex lock/unlock functions with thread_id lock word
+ */
+static void ww2_mutex_lock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val = 0;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(futex, &val, thread_id))
+ return;
+
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKS);
+ for (;;) {
+ /*
+ * Set the FUTEX_WAITERS bit, if not set yet.
+ */
+ while (!(val & FUTEX_WAITERS)) {
+ if (!val) {
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(futex, &val,
+ thread_id))
+ return;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(futex, &val,
+ val | FUTEX_WAITERS)) {
+ val |= FUTEX_WAITERS;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_wait, TIME_LOCK, futex, val, ptospec, flags);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ if (errno == EAGAIN)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_EAGAINS);
+ else if (errno == ETIMEDOUT)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_TIMEOUTS);
+ else
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKERRS);
+ }
+
+ val = *futex;
+ }
+}
+
+static void ww2_mutex_unlock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val;
+ int ret;
+
+ val = atomic_xchg_release(futex, 0);
+
+ if ((val & FUTEX_TID_MASK) != thread_id)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLKERRS);
+
+ if (val & FUTEX_WAITERS) {
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLOCKS);
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_wake, TIME_UNLK, futex, 1, flags);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLKERRS);
+ else
+ stat_add(tid, STAT_WAKEUPS, ret);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * PI futex lock/unlock functions
+ */
+static void pi_mutex_lock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val = 0;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(futex, &val, thread_id))
+ return;
+
+ /*
+ * Retry if an error happens
+ */
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKS);
+ for (;;) {
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_lock_pi, TIME_LOCK, futex, ptospec, flags);
+ if (likely(ret >= 0))
+ break;
+ if (errno == ETIMEDOUT)
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_TIMEOUTS);
+ else
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_LOCKERRS);
+ }
+}
+
+static void pi_mutex_unlock(futex_t *futex, int tid)
+{
+ futex_t val = thread_id;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (atomic_cmpxchg_release(futex, &val, 0))
+ return;
+
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLOCKS);
+ FUTEX_CALL(futex_unlock_pi, TIME_UNLK, futex, flags);
+ if (likely(ret < 0))
+ stat_inc(tid, STAT_UNLKERRS);
+ else
+ stat_add(tid, STAT_WAKEUPS, ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Glibc mutex lock and unlock function
+ */
+static void gc_mutex_lock(futex_t *futex __maybe_unused,
+ int tid __maybe_unused)
+{
+ pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
+}
+
+static void gc_mutex_unlock(futex_t *futex __maybe_unused,
+ int tid __maybe_unused)
+{
+ pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+}
+
+/**************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Load function
+ */
+static inline void load(int tid)
+{
+ int n = loadlat;
+
+ /*
+ * Optionally does a 1us sleep instead if wratio is defined and
+ * is within bound.
+ */
+ if (wratio && (((counter++ + tid) & 0x3ff) < wratio)) {
+ usleep(1);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ while (n-- > 0)
+ cpu_relax();
+}
+
+static inline void csdelay(void)
+{
+ int n = locklat;
+
+ while (n-- > 0)
+ cpu_relax();
+}
+
+static void toggle_done(int sig __maybe_unused,
+ siginfo_t *info __maybe_unused,
+ void *uc __maybe_unused)
+{
+ /* inform all threads that we're done for the day */
+ done = true;
+ gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
+ timersub(&end, &start, &runtime);
+ if (sig)
+ exit_now = true;
+}
+
+static void *mutex_workerfn(void *arg)
+{
+ long tid = (long)arg;
+ struct worker *w = &worker[tid];
+ lock_fn_t lock_fn = mutex_lock_fn;
+ unlock_fn_t unlock_fn = mutex_unlock_fn;
+
+ thread_id = gettid();
+ counter = 0;
+
+ atomic_dec_return(&threads_starting);
+
+ /*
+ * Busy wait until asked to start
+ */
+ while (!worker_start)
+ cpu_relax();
+
+ do {
+ lock_fn(w->futex, tid);
+ load(tid);
+ unlock_fn(w->futex, tid);
+ w->stats[STAT_OPS]++; /* One more locking operation */
+ csdelay();
+ } while (!done);
+
+ if (verbose)
+ printf("[thread %3ld (%d)] exited.\n", tid, thread_id);
+ atomic_inc_return(&threads_stopping);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static void create_threads(struct worker *w, pthread_attr_t *thread_attr,
+ void *(*workerfn)(void *arg), long tid)
+{
+ cpu_set_t cpu;
+
+ /*
+ * Bind each thread to a CPU
+ */
+ CPU_ZERO(&cpu);
+ CPU_SET(tid % ncpus, &cpu);
+ w->futex = pfutex;
+
+ if (pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(thread_attr, sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpu))
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "pthread_attr_setaffinity_np");
+
+ if (pthread_create(&w->thread, thread_attr, workerfn, (void *)tid))
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "pthread_create");
+}
+
+static int futex_mutex_type(const char **ptype)
+{
+ const char *type = *ptype;
+
+ if (!strcasecmp(type, "WW")) {
+ *ptype = "WW";
+ mutex_lock_fn = ww_mutex_lock;
+ mutex_unlock_fn = ww_mutex_unlock;
+ } else if (!strcasecmp(type, "WW2")) {
+ *ptype = "WW2";
+ mutex_lock_fn = ww2_mutex_lock;
+ mutex_unlock_fn = ww2_mutex_unlock;
+ } else if (!strcasecmp(type, "PI")) {
+ *ptype = "PI";
+ mutex_lock_fn = pi_mutex_lock;
+ mutex_unlock_fn = pi_mutex_unlock;
+ } else if (!strcasecmp(type, "GC")) {
+ pthread_mutexattr_t *attr = NULL;
+
+ *ptype = "GC";
+ mutex_lock_fn = gc_mutex_lock;
+ mutex_unlock_fn = gc_mutex_unlock;
+ /*
+ * Initialize pthread mutex
+ */
+ if (fshared) {
+ attr = &mutex_attr;
+ pthread_mutexattr_init(attr);
+ mutex_attr_inited = true;
+ pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(attr, true);
+ }
+ pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, attr);
+ mutex_inited = true;
+ } else {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void futex_test_driver(const char *futex_type,
+ int (*proc_type)(const char **ptype),
+ void *(*workerfn)(void *arg))
+{
+ u64 us;
+ int i, j;
+ struct worker total;
+ double avg, stddev;
+ pthread_attr_t thread_attr;
+
+ /*
+ * There is an extra blank line before the error counts to highlight
+ * them.
+ */
+ const char *desc[STAT_NUM] = {
+ [STAT_OPS] = "Total exclusive locking ops",
+ [STAT_LOCKS] = "Exclusive lock slowpaths",
+ [STAT_UNLOCKS] = "Exclusive unlock slowpaths",
+ [STAT_SLEEPS] = "Exclusive lock sleeps",
+ [STAT_WAKEUPS] = "Process wakeups",
+ [STAT_EAGAINS] = "EAGAIN lock errors",
+ [STAT_TIMEOUTS] = "Exclusive lock timeouts",
+ [STAT_LOCKERRS] = "\nExclusive lock errors",
+ [STAT_UNLKERRS] = "\nExclusive unlock errors",
+ };
+
+ if (exit_now)
+ return;
+
+ if (proc_type(&futex_type) < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Unknown futex type '%s'!\n", futex_type);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ printf("\n=====================================\n");
+ printf("[PID %d]: %d threads doing %s futex lockings (load=%d) for %d secs.\n\n",
+ getpid(), nthreads, futex_type, loadlat, nsecs);
+
+ init_stats(&throughput_stats);
+
+ *pfutex = 0;
+ done = false;
+ threads_starting = nthreads;
+ pthread_attr_init(&thread_attr);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < (int)nthreads; i++)
+ create_threads(&worker[i], &thread_attr, workerfn, i);
+
+ while (threads_starting)
+ usleep(1);
+
+ gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
+
+ /*
+ * Start the test
+ *
+ * Unlike the other futex benchmarks, this one uses busy waiting
+ * instead of pthread APIs to make sure that all the threads (except
+ * the one that shares CPU with the parent) will start more or less
+ * simultaineously.
+ */
+ atomic_inc_return(&worker_start);
+ sleep(nsecs);
+ toggle_done(0, NULL, NULL);
+
+ /*
+ * In verbose mode, we check if all the threads have been stopped
+ * after 1ms and report the status if some are still running.
+ */
+ if (verbose) {
+ usleep(1000);
+ if (threads_stopping != nthreads) {
+ printf("%d threads still running 1ms after timeout"
+ " - futex = 0x%x\n",
+ nthreads - threads_stopping, *pfutex);
+ /*
+ * If the threads are still running after 10s,
+ * go directly to statistics printing and exit.
+ */
+ for (i = 10; i > 0; i--) {
+ sleep(1);
+ if (threads_stopping == nthreads)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!i) {
+ printf("*** Threads waiting ABORTED!! ***\n\n");
+ goto print_stat;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < (int)nthreads; i++) {
+ int ret = pthread_join(worker[i].thread, NULL);
+
+ if (ret)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "pthread_join");
+ }
+
+print_stat:
+ pthread_attr_destroy(&thread_attr);
+
+ us = runtime.tv_sec * 1000000 + runtime.tv_usec;
+ memset(&total, 0, sizeof(total));
+ for (i = 0; i < (int)nthreads; i++) {
+ /*
+ * Get a rounded estimate of the # of locking ops/sec.
+ */
+ u64 tp = (u64)worker[i].stats[STAT_OPS] * 1000000 / us;
+
+ for (j = 0; j < STAT_NUM; j++)
+ total.stats[j] += worker[i].stats[j];
+
+ update_stats(&throughput_stats, tp);
+ if (verbose)
+ printf("[thread %3d] futex: %p [ %'ld ops/sec ]\n",
+ i, worker[i].futex, (long)tp);
+ }
+
+ avg = avg_stats(&throughput_stats);
+ stddev = stddev_stats(&throughput_stats);
+
+ printf("Locking statistics:\n");
+ printf("%-28s = %'.2fs\n", "Test run time", (double)us/1000000);
+ for (i = 0; i < STAT_NUM; i++)
+ if (total.stats[i])
+ printf("%-28s = %'d\n", desc[i], total.stats[i]);
+
+ if (timestat && total.times[TIME_LOCK]) {
+ printf("\nSyscall times:\n");
+ if (total.stats[STAT_LOCKS])
+ printf("Avg exclusive lock syscall = %'ldns\n",
+ total.times[TIME_LOCK]/total.stats[STAT_LOCKS]);
+ if (total.stats[STAT_UNLOCKS])
+ printf("Avg exclusive unlock syscall = %'ldns\n",
+ total.times[TIME_UNLK]/total.stats[STAT_UNLOCKS]);
+ }
+
+ printf("\nPercentages:\n");
+ if (total.stats[STAT_LOCKS])
+ printf("Exclusive lock slowpaths = %.1f%%\n",
+ stat_percent(&total, STAT_LOCKS, STAT_OPS));
+ if (total.stats[STAT_UNLOCKS])
+ printf("Exclusive unlock slowpaths = %.1f%%\n",
+ stat_percent(&total, STAT_UNLOCKS, STAT_OPS));
+ if (total.stats[STAT_EAGAINS])
+ printf("EAGAIN lock errors = %.1f%%\n",
+ stat_percent(&total, STAT_EAGAINS, STAT_LOCKS));
+ if (total.stats[STAT_WAKEUPS])
+ printf("Process wakeups = %.1f%%\n",
+ stat_percent(&total, STAT_WAKEUPS, STAT_UNLOCKS));
+
+ printf("\nPer-thread Locking Rates:\n");
+ printf("Avg = %'d ops/sec (+- %.2f%%)\n", (int)(avg + 0.5),
+ rel_stddev_stats(stddev, avg));
+ printf("Min = %'d ops/sec\n", (int)throughput_stats.min);
+ printf("Max = %'d ops/sec\n", (int)throughput_stats.max);
+
+ if (*pfutex != 0)
+ printf("\nResidual futex value = 0x%x\n", *pfutex);
+
+ /* Clear the workers area */
+ memset(worker, 0, sizeof(*worker) * nthreads);
+
+ if (mutex_inited)
+ pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
+ if (mutex_attr_inited)
+ pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&mutex_attr);
+ mutex_inited = mutex_attr_inited = false;
+}
+
+int bench_futex_mutex(int argc, const char **argv,
+ const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
+{
+ struct sigaction act;
+
+ argc = parse_options(argc, argv, mutex_options,
+ bench_futex_mutex_usage, 0);
+ if (argc)
+ goto err;
+
+ ncpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+
+ sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
+ act.sa_sigaction = toggle_done;
+ sigaction(SIGINT, &act, NULL);
+
+ if (!nthreads)
+ nthreads = ncpus;
+
+ /*
+ * Since the allocated memory buffer may not be properly cacheline
+ * aligned, we need to allocate one more than needed and manually
+ * adjust array boundary to be cacheline aligned.
+ */
+ worker_alloc = calloc(nthreads + 1, sizeof(*worker));
+ if (!worker_alloc)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "calloc");
+ worker = (void *)((unsigned long)&worker_alloc[1] &
+ ~(CACHELINE_SIZE - 1));
+
+ if (!fshared)
+ flags = FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG;
+
+ if (timeout) {
+ /*
+ * Convert timeout value in us to timespec.
+ */
+ tospec.tv_sec = timeout / 1000000;
+ tospec.tv_nsec = (timeout % 1000000) * 1000;
+ ptospec = &tospec;
+ }
+
+ if (!ftype || !strcmp(ftype, "all")) {
+ futex_test_driver("WW", futex_mutex_type, mutex_workerfn);
+ futex_test_driver("PI", futex_mutex_type, mutex_workerfn);
+ futex_test_driver("GC", futex_mutex_type, mutex_workerfn);
+ } else {
+ futex_test_driver(ftype, futex_mutex_type, mutex_workerfn);
+ }
+ free(worker_alloc);
+ return 0;
+err:
+ usage_with_options(bench_futex_mutex_usage, mutex_options);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c b/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
index a1cddc6..bf4418d 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
#include "builtin.h"
#include "bench/bench.h"
+#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ struct bench {
{ "requeue", "Benchmark for futex requeue calls", bench_futex_requeue },
/* pi-futexes */
{ "lock-pi", "Benchmark for futex lock_pi calls", bench_futex_lock_pi },
+ { "mutex", "Benchmark for mutex locks using futexes", bench_futex_mutex },
{ "all", "Run all futex benchmarks", NULL },
{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
};
@@ -215,6 +217,7 @@ int cmd_bench(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
{
struct collection *coll;
int ret = 0;
+ char *locale;
if (argc < 2) {
/* No collection specified. */
@@ -222,6 +225,13 @@ int cmd_bench(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
goto end;
}
+ /*
+ * Enable better number formatting.
+ */
+ locale = setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
+ if (!strcmp(locale, "C"))
+ setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "en_US");
+
argc = parse_options(argc, argv, bench_options, bench_usage,
PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
--
1.8.3.1
--
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