On 7/31/24 10:45, Shivank Garg wrote: > It would also be nice to get perf traces. Maybe it is purely SW issue. Cycle counts aren't going to help much here. For instance, if 5-level paging makes *ALL* TLB misses slower, you would just see a regression in any code that misses the TLB, which could show up all over. On Intel we have some PMU events like this: dtlb_store_misses.walk_active [Cycles when at least one PMH is busy with a page walk for a store] (there's a load side one as well). If a page walk gets more expensive, you can see it there. Note that this doesn't actually tell you how much time the core spent _waiting_ for a page walk to complete. If all the speculation magic works perfectly in your favor, you could have the PMH busy 100% of cycles but never had the core waiting on it. So could we drill down a level in the "perf traces" please, and gather some of the relevant performance counters and not just cycles?