On Thu, 25 Aug 2022 21:23:38 -0700, akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx wrote: >On Thu, 25 Aug 2022 18:27:14 +0800 lizhe.67@xxxxxxxxxxxxx wrote: > >> From: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> >> >> In 'commit 2f1ee0913ce5 ("Revert "mm: use early_pfn_to_nid in page_ext_init"")', >> we call page_ext_init() after page_alloc_init_late() to avoid some panic >> problem. It seems that we cannot track early page allocations in current >> kernel even if page structure has been initialized early. >> >> This patch introduce a new boot parameter 'early_page_ext' to resolve this >> problem. If we pass it to kernel, function page_ext_init() will be moved >> up and feature 'deferred initialization of struct pages' will be disabled >> to initialize the page allocator early and prevent from the panic problem >> above. It can help us to catch early page allocations. This is useful >> especially when we find that the free memory value is not the same right >> after different kernel booting. >> > >WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: early_page_ext_enabled (section: .text.unlikely) -> early_page_ext (section: .meminit.data) >WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: early_page_ext_enabled (section: .text.unlikely) -> early_page_ext (section: .meminit.data) Sorry for introducing this WARNING. I did multiple checks before submitting the patch but unluckily I didn't trigger this WARNING. Maybe there are some differences of config in our compilation environment. I have tried gcc 8.3 and gcc 11.2.1. > >I did this, but it was lazy - perhaps there's a better-optimized >combination of section tags. Please check? > >--- a/mm/page_ext.c~page_ext-introduce-boot-parameter-early_page_ext-fix >+++ a/mm/page_ext.c >@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ unsigned long page_ext_size = sizeof(str > static unsigned long total_usage; > static struct page_ext *lookup_page_ext(const struct page *page); > >-bool early_page_ext __meminitdata; >+bool early_page_ext; > static int __init setup_early_page_ext(char *str) > { > early_page_ext = true; >_ Thanks for the fix. I try '__initdata', it triggers another WARNING below. WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: memmap_init_range (section: .meminit.text) -> early_page_ext (section: .init.data) I check the section tags in include/linux/init.h. It seems that we don't have a better choise. So in my opinion, your patch is the best solution.