On Wed, 31 May 2023 14:30:01 -0700 "Vishal Moola (Oracle)" <vishal.moola@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > s390 currently uses _refcount to identify fragmented page tables. > The page table struct already has a member pt_frag_refcount used by > powerpc, so have s390 use that instead of the _refcount field as well. > This improves the safety for _refcount and the page table tracking. > > This also allows us to simplify the tracking since we can once again use > the lower byte of pt_frag_refcount instead of the upper byte of _refcount. This would conflict with s390 impact of pte_free_defer() work from Hugh Dickins https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/35e983f5-7ed3-b310-d949-9ae8b130cdab@xxxxxxxxxx/ https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/6dd63b39-e71f-2e8b-7e0-83e02f3bcb39@xxxxxxxxxx/ There he uses pt_frag_refcount, or rather pt_mm in the same union, to save the mm_struct for deferred pte_free(). I still need to look closer into both of your patch series, but so far it seems that you have no hard functional requirement to switch from _refcount to pt_frag_refcount here, for s390. If this is correct, and you do not e.g. need this to make some other use of _refcount, I would suggest to drop this patch.