Hi Gonglei! Our CI has found that virtio-crypto does not honor the requirement of crypto_finalize_request() being called in softirq context which is asserted in that function via lockdep_assert_in_softirq() since commit 4058cf08945c ("crypto: engine - check if BH is disabled during completion"). The problem was originally found on s390x but Marc Hartmayer was so kind to reproduce it on amd64. Please find the corresponding kernel messages at the end of this email. The call chain looks like this. interrupt handler for queue notification --> virtcrypto_dataq_callback() --> via vc_req->alg_cb either virtio_crypto_skcipher_finalize_req() or virtio_crypto_akcipher_finalize_req() --> crypto_finalize_skcipher_request() or crypto_finalize_akcipher_request() --> crypto_finalize_request() Everything above is happening in the interrupt handler (and in "hard" irq context). I'm not really familiar with the implementation of virtio_crypto or with the crypto_engine interfaces. I assume the problem is on the side of virtio-crypto so I would like to kindly ask you as the maintainer of virtio-crypt to have a look at it. But if you think it is rather in the crypto_engine, please clarify that with Herbert. I have no strong opinion on this issue. Regards, Halil [ 31.033415][ C0] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 136 at crypto/crypto_engine.c:58 crypto_finalize_request (crypto/crypto_engine.c:58 (discriminator 23)) crypto_engine [ 31.034131][ C0] Modules linked in: virtio_crypto(+) vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common(+) crypto_engine vsock [ 31.035326][ C0] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.2-1.fc38 04/01/2014 [ 31.035917][ C0] RIP: 0010:crypto_finalize_request (crypto/crypto_engine.c:58 (discriminator 23)) crypto_engine [ 31.036398][ C0] Code: 08 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d e9 bf 88 1c c1 65 8b 05 b0 36 01 40 f6 c4 ff 74 12 a9 00 00 0f 00 75 0b a9 00 00 f0 00 0f 84 54 ff ff ff <0f> 0b e9 4d ff ff ff 4c 8d 6b 38 4c 89 ef e8 8e 47 1b c4 48 8d bb All code ======== 0: 08 5b 5d or %bl,0x5d(%rbx) 3: 41 5c pop %r12 5: 41 5d pop %r13 7: e9 bf 88 1c c1 jmp 0xffffffffc11c88cb c: 65 8b 05 b0 36 01 40 mov %gs:0x400136b0(%rip),%eax # 0x400136c3 13: f6 c4 ff test $0xff,%ah 16: 74 12 je 0x2a 18: a9 00 00 0f 00 test $0xf0000,%eax 1d: 75 0b jne 0x2a 1f: a9 00 00 f0 00 test $0xf00000,%eax 24: 0f 84 54 ff ff ff je 0xffffffffffffff7e 2a:* 0f 0b ud2 <-- trapping instruction 2c: e9 4d ff ff ff jmp 0xffffffffffffff7e 31: 4c 8d 6b 38 lea 0x38(%rbx),%r13 35: 4c 89 ef mov %r13,%rdi 38: e8 8e 47 1b c4 call 0xffffffffc41b47cb 3d: 48 rex.W 3e: 8d .byte 0x8d 3f: bb .byte 0xbb Code starting with the faulting instruction =========================================== 0: 0f 0b ud2 2: e9 4d ff ff ff jmp 0xffffffffffffff54 7: 4c 8d 6b 38 lea 0x38(%rbx),%r13 b: 4c 89 ef mov %r13,%rdi e: e8 8e 47 1b c4 call 0xffffffffc41b47a1 13: 48 rex.W 14: 8d .byte 0x8d 15: bb .byte 0xbb [ 31.037591][ C0] RSP: 0018:ffffc90000007da0 EFLAGS: 00010046 [ 31.037976][ C0] RAX: 0000000080010002 RBX: ffff888006c87428 RCX: 1ffffffff0c0e523 [ 31.038471][ C0] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88810d0819e8 RDI: ffff888006c87449 [ 31.038967][ C0] RBP: ffff88810d0819e8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: fffffbfff0b04f04 [ 31.039463][ C0] R10: ffffffff85827823 R11: ffffffff842013e6 R12: 0000000000000000 [ 31.039963][ C0] R13: 0000000000000001 R14: ffff88810d081a18 R15: dffffc0000000000 [ 31.040475][ C0] FS: 00007f80c0cc6800(0000) GS:ffff88811ae00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 31.041058][ C0] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 31.041473][ C0] CR2: 00007f22ad455270 CR3: 0000000106b22000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 [ 31.042024][ C0] Call Trace: [ 31.042250][ C0] <IRQ> [ 31.042433][ C0] ? __warn (kernel/panic.c:673) [ 31.042710][ C0] ? crypto_finalize_request (crypto/crypto_engine.c:58 (discriminator 23)) crypto_engine [ 31.043161][ C0] ? report_bug (lib/bug.c:180 lib/bug.c:219) [ 31.043451][ C0] ? handle_bug (arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:237 (discriminator 1)) [ 31.043728][ C0] ? exc_invalid_op (arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:258 (discriminator 1)) [ 31.044039][ C0] ? asm_exc_invalid_op (./arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:568) [ 31.044385][ C0] ? asm_common_interrupt (./arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:636) [ 31.044746][ C0] ? crypto_finalize_request (crypto/crypto_engine.c:58 (discriminator 23)) crypto_engine [ 31.045202][ C0] virtcrypto_dataq_callback (drivers/crypto/virtio/virtio_crypto_core.c:91) virtio_crypto [ 31.045661][ C0] ? __pfx_virtcrypto_dataq_callback (drivers/crypto/virtio/virtio_crypto_core.c:76) virtio_crypto [ 31.046148][ C0] ? __pfx_do_raw_spin_lock (kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c:113) [ 31.046499][ C0] vring_interrupt (drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c:2598) [ 31.046806][ C0] vp_vring_interrupt (drivers/virtio/virtio_pci_common.c:67 (discriminator 2)) [ 31.047125][ C0] ? __pfx_vp_vring_interrupt (drivers/virtio/virtio_pci_common.c:60) [ 31.047477][ C0] __handle_irq_event_percpu (kernel/irq/handle.c:158) [ 31.047845][ C0] handle_irq_event (kernel/irq/handle.c:195 kernel/irq/handle.c:210) [ 31.048147][ C0] handle_edge_irq (kernel/irq/chip.c:833) [ 31.048454][ C0] __common_interrupt (arch/x86/kernel/irq.c:271) [ 31.048767][ C0] common_interrupt (arch/x86/kernel/irq.c:247 (discriminator 47)) [ 31.049071][ C0] </IRQ> [ 31.049273][ C0] <TASK> [ 31.049468][ C0] asm_common_interrupt (./arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:636) [ 31.049805][ C0] RIP: 0010:unwind_next_frame (arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c:494)