Hi Ming, I found a erofs issue after commit 07173c3ec276 ("block: enable multipage bvecs") is merged. It seems that it tries to merge more physical continuous pages in one iovec. However it breaks the current erofs_read_raw_page logic since it uses nr_iovecs of bio_alloc to limit the maximum number of physical continuous blocks as well. It was practicable since the old __bio_try_merge_page only tries to merge in the same page. it is a kAPI behavior change which also affects bio_alloc... ... 231 err = erofs_map_blocks(inode, &map, EROFS_GET_BLOCKS_RAW); 232 if (unlikely(err)) 233 goto err_out; ... 284 /* max # of continuous pages */ 285 if (nblocks > DIV_ROUND_UP(map.m_plen, PAGE_SIZE)) 286 nblocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(map.m_plen, PAGE_SIZE); 287 if (nblocks > BIO_MAX_PAGES) 288 nblocks = BIO_MAX_PAGES; 289 290 bio = erofs_grab_bio(sb, blknr, nblocks, sb, 291 read_endio, false); 292 if (IS_ERR(bio)) { 293 err = PTR_ERR(bio); 294 bio = NULL; 295 goto err_out; 296 } 297 } 298 299 err = bio_add_page(bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0); 300 /* out of the extent or bio is full */ 301 if (err < PAGE_SIZE) 302 goto submit_bio_retry; ... After commit 07173c3ec276 ("block: enable multipage bvecs"), erofs could read more beyond what erofs_map_blocks assigns, and out-of-bound data could be read and it breaks tail-end inline determination. I can change the logic in erofs. However, out of curiosity, I have no idea if some other places also are designed like this. IMO, it's better to provide a total count which indicates how many real pages have been added in this bio. some thoughts? Thanks, Gao Xiang