On Tue, 2017-05-09 at 11:49 -0400, Jeff Layton wrote:
> I waxed a little loquacious here, but I figured that more detail was
> better, and writeback error handling is so hard to get right.
>
> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@xxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
> 1 file changed, 45 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
> index f201a77873f7..382190a872e5 100644
> --- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
> @@ -576,12 +576,46 @@ should clear PG_Dirty and set PG_Writeback. It can be actually
> written at any point after PG_Dirty is clear. Once it is known to be
> safe, PG_Writeback is cleared.
>
> -If there is an error during writeback, then the address_space should be
> -marked with an error (typically using mapping_set_error), in order to
> -ensure that the error can later be reported to the application when an
> -fsync is issued.
> -
> -Writeback makes use of a writeback_control structure...
> +Writeback makes use of a writeback_control structure to direct the
> +operations. This gives the the writepage and writepages operations some
> +information about the nature of and reason for the writeback request,
> +and the constraints under which it is being done. It is also used to
> +return information back to the caller about the result of a writepage or
> +writepages request.
> +
> +Handling errors during writeback
> +--------------------------------
> +Most applications that utilize the pagecache will periodically call
> +fsync to ensure that data written has made it to the backing store.
> +When there is an error during writeback, that error should be reported
> +when fsync is called. After an error has been reported to fsync,
> +subsequent fsync calls on the same file descriptor should return 0,
> +unless further writeback errors have occurred since the previous fsync.
> +
> +Ideally, the kernel would report it only on file descriptions on which
> +writes were done that subsequently failed to be written back. The
> +generic pagecache infrastructure does not track the file descriptions
> +that have dirtied each individual page however, so determining which
> +file descriptors should get back an error is not possible.
> +
> +Instead, the generic writeback error tracking infrastructure in the
> +kernel settles for reporting errors to fsync on all file descriptions
> +that were open at the time that the error occurred. In a situation with
> +multiple writers, all of them will get back an error on a subsequent fsync,
> +even if all of the writes done through that particular file descriptor
> +succeeded (or even if there were no writes on that file descriptor at all).
> +
(cc'ing Michael Kerrisk)
Once this is closer to merge, I think we'll also want to update the
fsync(2) manpage with something similar to the 3 paragraphs above, and
also with an explanation of the behavior that applications can expect
from earlier kernels.
> +Filesystems that wish to use this infrastructure should call
> +mapping_set_error to record the error in the address_space when it
> +occurs. The generic vfs code will then handle reporting the error when
> +fsync is called, even if the fsync file operation returned 0.
> +
> +Filesystems are free to track errors internally if they choose (i.e. if
> +they do keep track of how the pages were dirtied), but they should aim
> +to provide the same (or better) error reporting semantics for when there
> +are multiple writers. Those filesystems should avoid calling
> +mapping_set_error in order to ensure that errors stored in the mapping
> +aren't improperly reported by the generic filesystem code.
>
> struct address_space_operations
> -------------------------------
> @@ -810,7 +844,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
> The File Object
> ===============
>
> -A file object represents a file opened by a process.
> +A file object represents a file opened by a process. This is also known
> +as an "open file description" in POSIX parlance.
>
>
> struct file_operations
> @@ -893,9 +928,10 @@ otherwise noted.
>
> release: called when the last reference to an open file is closed
>
> - fsync: called by the fsync(2) system call. Errors that were previously
> + fsync: called by the fsync(2) system call. Errors that were previously
> recorded using mapping_set_error will automatically be returned to
> - the application and the file's error sequence advanced.
> + the application and the struct file's error sequence advanced.
> + See the section above on handling writeback errors.
>
> fasync: called by the fcntl(2) system call when asynchronous
> (non-blocking) mode is enabled for a file
--
Jeff Layton <jlayton@xxxxxxxxxx>
