On a slightly different tack, am I correct that your chroot'd 32-bit apps won't be able to access devices that don't work 64-bit mode? In other words, you boot 64-bit, and only those devices that work 64-bit can be used in the 32-bit chroot. Just checking my sanity here. Because, if I'm wrong, I'm going back to 64-bit land with my dual Opteron box. Yes, it's lovely fast. But, it's a groan when alsa doesn't drive the Multiface, as it hasn't yet for me on 64. Janina