> please explain what do u mean by pan instead of balance? Pan is a word used by recording studio geeks. Balance is a word used by hi-fi geeks. Pan is used to create a false stereo image. Balance is used when you are sitting too close to one speaker. Of course, the true audiophile doesn't have a balance control on their amplifier - instead, they have an armchair bolted to the floor in the exact centre of the stereo image. Cheers Daniel