On Mon, Apr 19, 2021 at 11:42:18AM +0300, Mike Rapoport wrote: > The perf profile of the test indicated that the regression is caused by > page_is_secretmem() called from gup_pte_range() (inlined by gup_pgd_range): Uhh ... you're calling it in the wrong place! VM_BUG_ON(!pfn_valid(pte_pfn(pte))); page = pte_page(pte); if (page_is_secretmem(page)) goto pte_unmap; head = try_grab_compound_head(page, 1, flags); if (!head) goto pte_unmap; So you're calling page_is_secretmem() on a struct page without having a refcount on it. That is definitely not allowed. secretmem seems to be full of these kinds of races; I know this isn't the first one I've seen in it. I don't think this patchset is ready for this merge window. With that fixed, you'll have a head page that you can use for testing, which means you don't need to test PageCompound() (because you know the page isn't PageTail), you can just test PageHead().