On Wed, Nov 8, 2017 at 6:55 AM, Greentime Hu <green.hu@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > +static void consistent_sync(void *vaddr, size_t size, int direction) > +{ > + unsigned long start = (unsigned long)vaddr; > + unsigned long end = start + size; > + > + switch (direction) { > + case DMA_FROM_DEVICE: /* invalidate only */ > + cpu_dma_inval_range(start, end); > + break; > + case DMA_TO_DEVICE: /* writeback only */ > + cpu_dma_wb_range(start, end); > + break; > + case DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL: /* writeback and invalidate */ > + cpu_dma_wbinval_range(start, end); > + break; > + default: > + BUG(); > + } > +} > + > +static void > +nds32_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t handle, > + size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir) > +{ > + consistent_sync((void *)dma_to_virt(dev, handle), size, dir); > +} > + > +static void > +nds32_dma_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t handle, > + size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir) > +{ > + consistent_sync((void *)dma_to_virt(dev, handle), size, dir); > +} You do the same cache operations for _to_cpu and _to_device, which usually works, but is more expensive than you need. It's better to take the ownership into account and only do what you need. Arnd