Current busy-wait loops are implemented by repeatedly calling cpu_relax()
to give an arch option for a low-latency option to improve power and/or
SMT resource contention.
This poses some difficulties for powerpc, which has SMT priority setting
instructions (priorities determine how ifetch cycles are apportioned).
powerpc's cpu_relax() is implemented by setting a low priority then
setting normal priority. This has several problems:
- Changing thread priority can have some execution cost and potential
impact to other threads in the core. It's inefficient to execute them
every time around a busy-wait loop.
- Depending on implementation details, a `low ; medium` sequence may
not have much if any affect. Some software with similar pattern
actually inserts a lot of nops between, in order to cause a few fetch
cycles with the low priority.
- The busy-wait loop runs with regular priority. This might only be a few
fetch cycles, but if there are several threads running such loops, they
could cause a noticable impact on a non-idle thread.
Implement spin_begin, spin_end primitives that can be used around busy
wait loops, which default to no-ops. And spin_cpu_relax which defaults to
cpu_relax.
This will allow architectures to hook the entry and exit of busy-wait
loops, and will allow powerpc to set low SMT priority at entry, and
normal priority at exit.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@xxxxxxxxx>
---
Since last time:
- Fixed spin_do_cond with initial test as suggested by Linus.
- Renamed it to spin_until_cond, which reads a little better.
include/linux/processor.h | 70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 70 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 include/linux/processor.h
diff --git a/include/linux/processor.h b/include/linux/processor.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..da0c5e56ca02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/processor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/* Misc low level processor primitives */
+#ifndef _LINUX_PROCESSOR_H
+#define _LINUX_PROCESSOR_H
+
+#include <asm/processor.h>
+
+/*
+ * spin_begin is used before beginning a busy-wait loop, and must be paired
+ * with spin_end when the loop is exited. spin_cpu_relax must be called
+ * within the loop.
+ *
+ * The loop body should be as small and fast as possible, on the order of
+ * tens of instructions/cycles as a guide. It should and avoid calling
+ * cpu_relax, or any "spin" or sleep type of primitive including nested uses
+ * of these primitives. It should not lock or take any other resource.
+ * Violations of these guidelies will not cause a bug, but may cause sub
+ * optimal performance.
+ *
+ * These loops are optimized to be used where wait times are expected to be
+ * less than the cost of a context switch (and associated overhead).
+ *
+ * Detection of resource owner and decision to spin or sleep or guest-yield
+ * (e.g., spin lock holder vcpu preempted, or mutex owner not on CPU) can be
+ * tested within the loop body.
+ */
+#ifndef spin_begin
+#define spin_begin()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef spin_cpu_relax
+#define spin_cpu_relax() cpu_relax()
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * spin_cpu_yield may be called to yield (undirected) to the hypervisor if
+ * necessary. This should be used if the wait is expected to take longer
+ * than context switch overhead, but we can't sleep or do a directed yield.
+ */
+#ifndef spin_cpu_yield
+#define spin_cpu_yield() cpu_relax_yield()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef spin_end
+#define spin_end()
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * spin_until_cond can be used to wait for a condition to become true. It
+ * may be expected that the first iteration will true in the common case
+ * (no spinning), so that callers should not require a first "likely" test
+ * for the uncontended case before using this primitive.
+ *
+ * Usage and implementation guidelines are the same as for the spin_begin
+ * primitives, above.
+ */
+#ifndef spin_until_cond
+#define spin_until_cond(cond) \
+do { \
+ if (unlikely(!(cond))) { \
+ spin_begin(); \
+ do { \
+ spin_cpu_relax(); \
+ } while (!(cond)); \
+ spin_end(); \
+ } \
+} while (0)
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_PROCESSOR_H */
--
2.11.0
