Right now we have no users of __get_user_unaligned() outside of arch/* and only 4 users of __put_user_unaligned() outside of arch/*. All 4 are in compat_sys_getdents64(). For storing ->d_ino and ->d_off in struct linux_dirent64 { u64 d_ino; s64 d_off; unsigned short d_reclen; unsigned char d_type; char d_name[0]; }; in case 32bit userland has weaker alignment requirements for that thing and passes us a pointer that would've been aligned for 32bit, but not for 64bit ABI. Which architecture would that be, though? arm, mips, powerpc, sparc and s390 have that thing 64bit-aligned in 32bit ABI (both of them in case of mips). And since native getdents() does *not* maintain more than that when padding an entry, we'd better have put_user() of 64bit values work for any 64bit-aligned pointer. I hadn't checked actual cross-compile for tile, but judging by their compat.h they are not suffering from that kind of braindamage either. x86 does, indeed, have weaker alignment in 32bit ABI. It also has __put_user_unaligned defined as __put_user. Is there any reason to keep those around? As it is, the only places that need those are m68k and arm binfmt-flat, and these boil down to "can this CPU flavour do unaligned access?", with "use __get_user/__put_user" and "use __copy_from_user/__copy_to_user" as outcomes. Nothing more fancy...