Hi All,
this patch set demonstrates the potential of eBPF.
First patch "net: filter: split filter.c into two files" splits eBPF interpreter
out of networking into kernel/bpf/. The goal for BPF subsystem is to be usable
in NET-less configuration. Though the whole set is marked is RFC, the 1st patch
is good to go. Similar version of the patch that was posted few weeks ago, but
was deferred. I'm assuming due to lack of forward visibility. I hope that this
patch set shows what eBPF is capable of and where it's heading.
Other patches expose eBPF instruction set to user space and introduce concepts
of maps and programs accessible via syscall.
'maps' is a generic storage of different types for sharing data between kernel
and userspace. Maps are referrenced by global id. Root can create multiple
maps of different types where key/value are opaque bytes of data. It's up to
user space and eBPF program to decide what they store in the maps.
eBPF programs are similar to kernel modules. They live in global space and
have unique prog_id. Each program is a safe run-to-completion set of
instructions. eBPF verifier statically determines that the program terminates
and safe to execute. During verification the program takes a hold of maps
that it intends to use, so selected maps cannot be removed until program is
unloaded. The program can be attached to different events. These events can
be packets, tracepoint events and other types in the future. New event triggers
execution of the program which may store information about the event in the maps.
Beyond storing data the programs may call into in-kernel helper functions
which may, for example, dump stack, do trace_printk or other forms of live
kernel debugging. Same program can be attached to multiple events. Different
programs can access the same map:
tracepoint tracepoint tracepoint sk_buff sk_buff
event A event B event C on eth0 on eth1
| | | | |
| | | | |
--> tracing <-- tracing socket socket
prog_1 prog_2 prog_3 prog_4
| | | |
|--- -----| |-------| map_3
map_1 map_2
User space (via syscall) and eBPF programs access maps concurrently.
Last two patches are sample code. 1st demonstrates stateful packet inspection.
It counts tcp and udp packets on eth0. Should be easy to see how this eBPF
framework can be used for network analytics.
2nd sample does simple 'drop monitor'. It attaches to kfree_skb tracepoint
event and counts number of packet drops at particular $pc location.
User space periodically summarizes what eBPF programs recorded.
In these two samples the eBPF programs are tiny and written in 'assembler'
with macroses. More complex programs can be written C (llvm backend is not
part of this diff to reduce 'huge' perception).
Since eBPF is fully JITed on x64, the cost of running eBPF program is very
small even for high frequency events. Here are the numbers comparing
flow_dissector in C vs eBPF:
x86_64 skb_flow_dissect() same skb (all cached) - 42 nsec per call
x86_64 skb_flow_dissect() different skbs (cache misses) - 141 nsec per call
eBPF+jit skb_flow_dissect() same skb (all cached) - 51 nsec per call
eBPF+jit skb_flow_dissect() different skbs (cache misses) - 135 nsec per call
Detailed explanation on eBPF verifier and safety is in patch 08/14
Thanks
Alexei
minor todo: rename 'struct sock_filter_int' into 'struct bpf_insn'. It's not
part of this diff to reduce size.
------
The following changes since commit c1c27fb9b3040a2559d4d3e1183afa8c106bc94a:
Merge branch 'master' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jkirsher/net-next (2014-06-27 12:59:38 -0700)
are available in the git repository at:
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ast/bpf master
for you to fetch changes up to 4c8da0f21220087e38894c69339cddc64c1220f9:
samples: bpf: example of tracing filters with eBPF (2014-06-27 15:22:07 -0700)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Alexei Starovoitov (14):
net: filter: split filter.c into two files
net: filter: split filter.h and expose eBPF to user space
bpf: introduce syscall(BPF, ...) and BPF maps
bpf: update MAINTAINERS entry
bpf: add lookup/update/delete/iterate methods to BPF maps
bpf: add hashtable type of BPF maps
bpf: expand BPF syscall with program load/unload
bpf: add eBPF verifier
bpf: allow eBPF programs to use maps
net: sock: allow eBPF programs to be attached to sockets
tracing: allow eBPF programs to be attached to events
samples: bpf: add mini eBPF library to manipulate maps and programs
samples: bpf: example of stateful socket filtering
samples: bpf: example of tracing filters with eBPF
Documentation/networking/filter.txt | 302 +++++++
MAINTAINERS | 9 +
arch/alpha/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/avr32/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/cris/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/frv/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/ia64/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/m32r/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/mips/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/mn10300/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/parisc/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/powerpc/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/s390/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/sparc/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl | 1 +
arch/xtensa/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 2 +
include/linux/bpf.h | 135 +++
include/linux/filter.h | 304 +------
include/linux/ftrace_event.h | 5 +
include/linux/syscalls.h | 2 +
include/trace/bpf_trace.h | 29 +
include/trace/ftrace.h | 10 +
include/uapi/asm-generic/socket.h | 2 +
include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h | 4 +-
include/uapi/linux/Kbuild | 1 +
include/uapi/linux/bpf.h | 403 +++++++++
kernel/Makefile | 1 +
kernel/bpf/Makefile | 1 +
kernel/bpf/core.c | 548 ++++++++++++
kernel/bpf/hashtab.c | 371 +++++++++
kernel/bpf/syscall.c | 778 +++++++++++++++++
kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 1431 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
kernel/sys_ni.c | 3 +
kernel/trace/Kconfig | 1 +
kernel/trace/Makefile | 1 +
kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c | 217 +++++
kernel/trace/trace.h | 3 +
kernel/trace/trace_events.c | 7 +
kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c | 72 +-
net/core/filter.c | 646 +++-----------
net/core/sock.c | 13 +
samples/bpf/.gitignore | 1 +
samples/bpf/Makefile | 15 +
samples/bpf/dropmon.c | 127 +++
samples/bpf/libbpf.c | 114 +++
samples/bpf/libbpf.h | 18 +
samples/bpf/sock_example.c | 160 ++++
47 files changed, 4941 insertions(+), 820 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 include/linux/bpf.h
create mode 100644 include/trace/bpf_trace.h
create mode 100644 include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
create mode 100644 kernel/bpf/Makefile
create mode 100644 kernel/bpf/core.c
create mode 100644 kernel/bpf/hashtab.c
create mode 100644 kernel/bpf/syscall.c
create mode 100644 kernel/bpf/verifier.c
create mode 100644 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/.gitignore
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/Makefile
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/dropmon.c
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/libbpf.c
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/libbpf.h
create mode 100644 samples/bpf/sock_example.c
--
1.7.9.5
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