On Monday, 30 June 2003, at 09:10:32 +0800, Yuan ChunYang wrote: > In kenel 2.5.47, ipsec is implemented . > Can some body tell me the difference between kernel ipsec with > frees/wan? > Two implementations of the same protocol suite, IPsec. FreeS/WAN works (at least) for 2.4.x and older kernels, native 2.5.x implementations speaks for itself :-). The seem to interoperate well, though. It seems FreeS/WAN was never accepted by Linus for some reason (sure, there must be a reason :), and for the upcoming 2.6.x kernel some people did a brand-new implementation, included in the standard kernel sources. Native kernel 2.5.x IPsec implementation uses user space tools from the KAME project (*BSD), whereas FreeS/WAN uses its own. You can learn more about IPsec in 2.5.x at lartc.org. Hope it helps. -- Jose Luis Domingo Lopez Linux Registered User #189436 Debian Linux Sid (Linux 2.5.73)