[LARTC] parameter of htb

Linux Advanced Routing and Traffic Control

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tc qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 1: htb default 12
tc class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:10 rate
30kbps ceil 100kbps burst 2k
tc class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:11 rate
10kbps ceil 100kbps burst 2k
tc class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:12 rate
60kbps ceil 100kbps burst 2k
tc filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 1
u32 match ip src 172.16.11.2 flowid 1:10
i login 172.16.11.2 and copy a large file from the
server set traffic control.
tc -s -d qdisc show dev eth0
  qdisc htb 1 dev eth0 r2q 10 default 12
direct_packets_stat 0 Sent 34210198 bytes 23370
pkts(dropped 0 overlimits 35534)
!!!!first question: what is meaning of "r2q" and
"direct_packets_stat"
tc -s -d class dev eth0 
class htb 1:11 root prio 0 quantum 3072 rate 240kbit  

 ceil 800kbit burst 2kb/8 mpu 0b cburst 2636b/8 mpu 0b

 level 0 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkts(dropped 0 overlimits 0)
 lended:0 borrowed:0 giants:0 tokens:54612 ctokens 
 20992
class htb 1:10 root prio 0 quantum 3072 rate 240kbit 
 ceil 800kbit burst 2kb/8 mpu 0b cburst 2636b/8 mpu 0b

 level 0 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkts(dropped 0 overlimits 0)
 lended:0 borrowed:0 giants:0 tokens:54612 ctokens 
 20992
class htb 1:12 root prio 0 quantum 3072 rate 240kbit 
 ceil 800kbit burst 2kb/8 mpu 0b cburst 2636b/8 mpu 0b

 level 0 Sent 34210198 bytes 23370 pkts(dropped 0 
 overlimits 0) rate 190kbps lended:23370 borrowed:0 
 giants:0 tokens:-24351 ctokens 20480
!!!second question: what is meaning of "token" and
"ctoken"
!!!why all three class'rate become 30kbps?
!!!why all packets belong to class 1:12 ,they should
belong to class 1:10.
 



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