> @@ -10024,7 +10024,7 @@ unsigned long __kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr, > > switch (nr) { > case KVM_HC_VAPIC_POLL_IRQ: > - ret = 0; > + ret = 1; > break; > case KVM_HC_KICK_CPU: > if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT)) > @@ -10032,7 +10032,7 @@ unsigned long __kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr, > > kvm_pv_kick_cpu_op(vcpu->kvm, a1); > kvm_sched_yield(vcpu, a1); > - ret = 0; > + ret = 1; > break; > #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 > case KVM_HC_CLOCK_PAIRING: > @@ -10050,7 +10050,7 @@ unsigned long __kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr, > break; > > kvm_sched_yield(vcpu, a0); > - ret = 0; > + ret = 1; > break; > case KVM_HC_MAP_GPA_RANGE: { > u64 gpa = a0, npages = a1, attrs = a2; > @@ -10111,12 +10111,21 @@ int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) > cpl = kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu); > > ret = __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, nr, a0, a1, a2, a3, op_64_bit, cpl); > - if (nr == KVM_HC_MAP_GPA_RANGE && !ret) > - /* MAP_GPA tosses the request to the user space. */ > + if (!ret) > return 0; > > - if (!op_64_bit) > + /* > + * KVM's ABI with the guest is that '0' is success, and any other value > + * is an error code. Internally, '0' == exit to userspace (see above) > + * and '1' == success, as KVM's de facto standard return codes are that > + * plus -errno == failure. Explicitly check for '1' as some PV error > + * codes are positive values. > + */ > + if (ret == 1) > + ret = 0; > + else if (!op_64_bit) > ret = (u32)ret; > + > kvm_rax_write(vcpu, ret); > > return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu); > It appears below two cases are not covered correctly? #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 case KVM_HC_CLOCK_PAIRING: ret = kvm_pv_clock_pairing(vcpu, a0, a1); break; #endif case KVM_HC_SEND_IPI: if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_PV_SEND_IPI)) break; ret = kvm_pv_send_ipi(vcpu->kvm, a0, a1, a2, a3, op_64_bit); break; Looking at the code, seems at least for KVM_HC_CLOCK_PAIRING, kvm_pv_clock_pairing() returns 0 on success, and the upstream behaviour is not routing to userspace but writing 0 to vcpu's RAX and returning to guest. With the change above, it immediately returns to userspace w/o writing 0 to RAX. For KVM_HC_SEND_IPI, seems the upstream behaviour is the return value of kvm_pv_send_ipi() is always written to vcpu's RAX reg, and we always just go back to guest. With your change, the behaviour will be changed to: 1) when ret == 0, exit to userspace w/o writing 0 to vcpu's RAX, 2) when ret == 1, it is converted to 0 and then written to RAX. This doesn't look like safe.