On Wed, Jun 05, 2024 at 10:29:58AM +0100, Steven Price wrote: > +void set_fixmap_io(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys) > +{ > + pgprot_t prot = FIXMAP_PAGE_IO; > + > + /* > + * For now we consider all I/O as non-secure. For future > + * filter the I/O base for setting appropriate permissions. > + */ > + prot = __pgprot(pgprot_val(prot) | PROT_NS_SHARED); > + > + return __set_fixmap(idx, phys, prot); > +} In v2, Suzuki said that we want to keep this as a function rather than just adding PROT_NS_SHARED to FIXMAP_PAGE_IO in case we want to change this function in the future to allow protected MMIO. https://lore.kernel.org/linux-arm-kernel/6ba1fd72-3bad-44ca-810d-572b70050772@xxxxxxx/ What I don't understand is that all the other MMIO cases just statically assume unprotected/shard MMIO. Should we drop this patch here as well, adjust FIXMAP_PAGE_IO and think about protected MMIO later when we actually have to do device assignment? -- Catalin