> BTW, what is the actual expected use case of passing an iommufd as a > vfio container? I have doubts that it'd make sense to have QEMU look > for an iommufd in place of a vfio container for anything beyond yet > another means for early testing of iommufd. Thanks, I don't think there is one in production for qemu. For something like DPDK I can imagine replacing the open logic to use vfio device cdevs and iommufd, but keeping the rest of the logic the same so the FD looks and feels like a VFIO container. There is little value in replacing the VFIO map/unmap/etc ioctls with the IOMMUFD equivalents. Jason