On Tue, Sep 06, 2022 at 07:17:58PM +0530, Nipun Gupta wrote: > +static void cdx_msi_write_msg(struct irq_data *irq_data, > + struct msi_msg *msg) > +{ > + /* > + * Do nothing as CDX devices have these pre-populated > + * in the hardware itself. > + */ > +} Huh? There is no way it can be pre-populated, the addr/data pair, especially on ARM, is completely under SW control. There is some commonly used IOVA base in Linux for the ITS page, but no HW should hardwire that. Jason