On Wed, Feb 16, 2022 at 02:52:55AM +0000, Tian, Kevin wrote: > btw can disabling PCI bus master be a general means for devices which > don't have a way of blocking P2P to implement RUNNING_P2P? I think if it works for a specific device then that device's driver can use it. I wouldn't make something general, too likely a device will blow up if you do this to it. Jason