Paul Menzel encountered the bad userspace behavior of spamming KVM module loading on all CPUs, which was mitigated by commit ef935c25fd64 ("kvm: x86: Limit the number of "kvm: disabled by bios" messages"), except this time userspace is extra "clever" and spams both kvm_intel and kvm_amd. Because the "already loaded the other module" message isn't ratelimited, the bogus module load managed to spam the kernel log. Patch 1 addresses another suggestion from Paul by incorporating the vendor module name into the error messages. Patch 2 addresses the original report by prioritizing the hardware/bios support messages over the "already loaded" error. In additional to reducing spam, doing so also ensures consistent messaging if a vendor module isn't supported regardless of what other modules may be loaded. [*] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210818114956.7171-1-pmenzel@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sean Christopherson (2): KVM: x86: Add vendor name to kvm_x86_ops, use it for error messages KVM: x86: Defer "already loaded" check until after basic support checks arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 2 ++ arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c | 2 ++ arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c | 2 ++ arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 17 +++++++++-------- 4 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) -- 2.33.0.1079.g6e70778dc9-goog