Hi Sean, Thanks for the explanations. Please see my comments below. Thanks! > When TDP (EPT) is used, the > hardware MMU has two parts: the TDP PTEs that are controlled by KVM, and the IA32 > PTEs that are controlled by the guest. And there's still a KVM MMU for the guest; > the KVM MMU in that case knows how to connfigure the TDP PTEs in hardware _and_ > walk the guest IA32 PTEs, e.g. to handle memory accesses during emulation. Sorry, I could not understand why the emulated MMU is still needed when TDP (e.g., Intel EPT) is used? In particular, in what situations, we need the emulated MMU to configure the TDP PTEs in hardware and walk the guest IA32 PTEs? Why do we need the emulated MMU in these situations? Best, Harry