> From: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@xxxxxxxxxx> > Sent: Wednesday, July 14, 2021 7:03 AM > > On Tue, Jul 13, 2021 at 10:48:38PM +0000, Tian, Kevin wrote: > > > We can still bind to the parent with cookie, but with > > iommu_register_ sw_device() IOMMU fd knows that this binding doesn't > > need to establish any security context via IOMMU API. > > AFAIK there is no reason to involve the parent PCI or other device in > SW mode. The iommufd doesn't need to be aware of anything there. > Yes. but does it makes sense to have an unified model in IOMMU fd which always have a [struct device, cookie] with flags to indicate whether the binding/attaching should be specially handled for sw mdev? Or are you suggesting that lacking of struct device is actually the indicator for such trick? Thanks Kevin