> Interesting, I hadn't thought about this use-case before. At first I > thought you were talking about mdev devices assigned to VMs, but I think > you're referring to mdevs assigned to userspace drivers instead? Out of > curiosity, is it only theoretical or does someone actually need this? There has been some non upstreamed efforts to have mdev and produce userspace drivers. Huawei is using it on what they call "wrapdrive" for crypto devices and we did a proof of concept for ethernet interfaces. At the time we choose not to involve the IOMMU for the reason you mentioned, but having it there would be good. Thanks Ilias