The function alloc_pages_exact_node() was introduced in 6484eb3e2a81 ("page
allocator: do not check NUMA node ID when the caller knows the node is valid")
as an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node(), that doesn't allow the node id
to be -1. Unfortunately the name of the function can easily suggest that the
allocation is restricted to the given node. In truth, the node is only
preferred, unless __GFP_THISNODE is among the gfp flags.
The misleading name has lead to mistakes in the past, see 5265047ac301 ("mm,
thp: really limit transparent hugepage allocation to local node") and
b360edb43f8e ("mm, mempolicy: migrate_to_node should only migrate to node").
To prevent further mistakes, this patch renames the function to
alloc_pages_prefer_node() and documents it together with alloc_pages_node().
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@xxxxxxx>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@xxxxxxxx>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Cliff Whickman <cpw@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Robin Holt <robinmholt@xxxxxxxxx>
---
I hope the new name will be OK. Although it doesn't fully convey the
difference from alloc_pages_node(), renaming the latter would be a much
larger patch (some 60 callsites) and hopefully the new comments are enough to
prevent further confusion.
I'm CC'ing also maintainers of the callsites so they can verify that the
callsites that don't pass __GFP_THISNODE are really not intended to restrict
allocation to the given node. I went through them myself and each looked like
it's better off if it can successfully allocate on a fallback node rather
than fail. DavidR checked them also I think, but it's better if maintainers
can verify that. I'm not completely sure about all the usages in sl*b due to
multiple layers through which gfp flags are being passed.
arch/ia64/hp/common/sba_iommu.c | 2 +-
arch/ia64/kernel/uncached.c | 2 +-
arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c | 2 +-
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/ras.c | 2 +-
arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c | 2 +-
drivers/misc/sgi-xp/xpc_uv.c | 2 +-
include/linux/gfp.h | 14 ++++++++++++--
kernel/profile.c | 8 ++++----
mm/filemap.c | 2 +-
mm/huge_memory.c | 2 +-
mm/hugetlb.c | 4 ++--
mm/memory-failure.c | 2 +-
mm/mempolicy.c | 4 ++--
mm/migrate.c | 4 ++--
mm/page_alloc.c | 2 --
mm/slab.c | 2 +-
mm/slob.c | 4 ++--
mm/slub.c | 2 +-
18 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/ia64/hp/common/sba_iommu.c b/arch/ia64/hp/common/sba_iommu.c
index 344387a..17762af 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/hp/common/sba_iommu.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/hp/common/sba_iommu.c
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ sba_alloc_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size, dma_addr_t *dma_handle,
if (node == NUMA_NO_NODE)
node = numa_node_id();
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, flags, get_order(size));
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, flags, get_order(size));
if (unlikely(!page))
return NULL;
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/uncached.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/uncached.c
index 20e8a9b..1451961 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/uncached.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/uncached.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ static int uncached_add_chunk(struct uncached_pool *uc_pool, int nid)
/* attempt to allocate a granule's worth of cached memory pages */
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(nid,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_THISNODE,
IA64_GRANULE_SHIFT-PAGE_SHIFT);
if (!page) {
diff --git a/arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c b/arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c
index d0853e8..dcab82f 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ static void *sn_dma_alloc_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size,
*/
node = pcibus_to_node(pdev->bus);
if (likely(node >=0)) {
- struct page *p = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ struct page *p = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
flags, get_order(size));
if (likely(p))
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/ras.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/ras.c
index e865d74..646a310 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/ras.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/ras.c
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static int __init cbe_ptcal_enable_on_node(int nid, int order)
area->nid = nid;
area->order = order;
- area->pages = alloc_pages_exact_node(area->nid,
+ area->pages = alloc_pages_prefer_node(area->nid,
GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_THISNODE,
area->order);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
index 2d73807..a8723a8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c
@@ -3158,7 +3158,7 @@ static struct vmcs *alloc_vmcs_cpu(int cpu)
struct page *pages;
struct vmcs *vmcs;
- pages = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, GFP_KERNEL, vmcs_config.order);
+ pages = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, GFP_KERNEL, vmcs_config.order);
if (!pages)
return NULL;
vmcs = page_address(pages);
diff --git a/drivers/misc/sgi-xp/xpc_uv.c b/drivers/misc/sgi-xp/xpc_uv.c
index 95c8944..3ff0a24 100644
--- a/drivers/misc/sgi-xp/xpc_uv.c
+++ b/drivers/misc/sgi-xp/xpc_uv.c
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ xpc_create_gru_mq_uv(unsigned int mq_size, int cpu, char *irq_name,
mq->mmr_blade = uv_cpu_to_blade_id(cpu);
nid = cpu_to_node(cpu);
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(nid,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_THISNODE,
pg_order);
if (page == NULL) {
diff --git a/include/linux/gfp.h b/include/linux/gfp.h
index 15928f0..ff892d7 100644
--- a/include/linux/gfp.h
+++ b/include/linux/gfp.h
@@ -300,6 +300,10 @@ __alloc_pages(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order,
return __alloc_pages_nodemask(gfp_mask, order, zonelist, NULL);
}
+/*
+ * Allocate pages, preferring the node given as nid. When nid equals -1,
+ * prefer the current CPU's node.
+ */
static inline struct page *alloc_pages_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp_mask,
unsigned int order)
{
@@ -310,7 +314,14 @@ static inline struct page *alloc_pages_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp_mask,
return __alloc_pages(gfp_mask, order, node_zonelist(nid, gfp_mask));
}
-static inline struct page *alloc_pages_exact_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp_mask,
+/*
+ * Allocate pages, preferring the node given as nid. Unlike alloc_pages_node(),
+ * nid must be a valid online node, there is no fallback to current CPU's node.
+ *
+ * In order to completely restrict allocation to the preferred node, include
+ * __GFP_THISNODE in the gfp_mask.
+ */
+static inline struct page *alloc_pages_prefer_node(int nid, gfp_t gfp_mask,
unsigned int order)
{
VM_BUG_ON(nid < 0 || nid >= MAX_NUMNODES || !node_online(nid));
@@ -354,7 +365,6 @@ extern unsigned long get_zeroed_page(gfp_t gfp_mask);
void *alloc_pages_exact(size_t size, gfp_t gfp_mask);
void free_pages_exact(void *virt, size_t size);
-/* This is different from alloc_pages_exact_node !!! */
void * __meminit alloc_pages_exact_nid(int nid, size_t size, gfp_t gfp_mask);
#define __get_free_page(gfp_mask) \
diff --git a/kernel/profile.c b/kernel/profile.c
index a7bcd28..6ee695e 100644
--- a/kernel/profile.c
+++ b/kernel/profile.c
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static int profile_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *info,
node = cpu_to_mem(cpu);
per_cpu(cpu_profile_flip, cpu) = 0;
if (!per_cpu(cpu_profile_hits, cpu)[1]) {
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
0);
if (!page)
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static int profile_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *info,
per_cpu(cpu_profile_hits, cpu)[1] = page_address(page);
}
if (!per_cpu(cpu_profile_hits, cpu)[0]) {
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
0);
if (!page)
@@ -543,14 +543,14 @@ static int create_hash_tables(void)
int node = cpu_to_mem(cpu);
struct page *page;
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_THISNODE,
0);
if (!page)
goto out_cleanup;
per_cpu(cpu_profile_hits, cpu)[1]
= (struct profile_hit *)page_address(page);
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_THISNODE,
0);
if (!page)
diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index 6bf5e42..52e3b55 100644
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ struct page *__page_cache_alloc(gfp_t gfp)
do {
cpuset_mems_cookie = read_mems_allowed_begin();
n = cpuset_mem_spread_node();
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(n, gfp, 0);
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(n, gfp, 0);
} while (!page && read_mems_allowed_retry(cpuset_mems_cookie));
return page;
diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
index 078832c..7130e97 100644
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c
+++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -2350,7 +2350,7 @@ khugepaged_alloc_page(struct page **hpage, gfp_t gfp, struct mm_struct *mm,
*/
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- *hpage = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, gfp, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
+ *hpage = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, gfp, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
if (unlikely(!*hpage)) {
count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
*hpage = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
index 271e443..4c6c0c1 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ static struct page *alloc_fresh_huge_page_node(struct hstate *h, int nid)
{
struct page *page;
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(nid,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid,
htlb_alloc_mask(h)|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_THISNODE|
__GFP_REPEAT|__GFP_NOWARN,
huge_page_order(h));
@@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@ static struct page *alloc_buddy_huge_page(struct hstate *h, int nid)
__GFP_REPEAT|__GFP_NOWARN,
huge_page_order(h));
else
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(nid,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid,
htlb_alloc_mask(h)|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_THISNODE|
__GFP_REPEAT|__GFP_NOWARN, huge_page_order(h));
diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
index 501820c..132f043 100644
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c
+++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -1503,7 +1503,7 @@ static struct page *new_page(struct page *p, unsigned long private, int **x)
return alloc_huge_page_node(page_hstate(compound_head(p)),
nid);
else
- return alloc_pages_exact_node(nid, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, 0);
+ return alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, 0);
}
/*
diff --git a/mm/mempolicy.c b/mm/mempolicy.c
index 7477432..2e2a876 100644
--- a/mm/mempolicy.c
+++ b/mm/mempolicy.c
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ static struct page *new_node_page(struct page *page, unsigned long node, int **x
return alloc_huge_page_node(page_hstate(compound_head(page)),
node);
else
- return alloc_pages_exact_node(node, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE |
+ return alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE |
__GFP_THISNODE, 0);
}
@@ -1986,7 +1986,7 @@ alloc_pages_vma(gfp_t gfp, int order, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
nmask = policy_nodemask(gfp, pol);
if (!nmask || node_isset(node, *nmask)) {
mpol_cond_put(pol);
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node,
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node,
gfp | __GFP_THISNODE, order);
goto out;
}
diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
index f53838f..b51e106 100644
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -1187,7 +1187,7 @@ static struct page *new_page_node(struct page *p, unsigned long private,
return alloc_huge_page_node(page_hstate(compound_head(p)),
pm->node);
else
- return alloc_pages_exact_node(pm->node,
+ return alloc_pages_prefer_node(pm->node,
GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE | __GFP_THISNODE, 0);
}
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ static struct page *alloc_misplaced_dst_page(struct page *page,
int nid = (int) data;
struct page *newpage;
- newpage = alloc_pages_exact_node(nid,
+ newpage = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nid,
(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE |
__GFP_THISNODE | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC |
__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN) &
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index ebffa0e..e6eef56 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -3062,8 +3062,6 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_pages_exact);
*
* Like alloc_pages_exact(), but try to allocate on node nid first before falling
* back.
- * Note this is not alloc_pages_exact_node() which allocates on a specific node,
- * but is not exact.
*/
void * __meminit alloc_pages_exact_nid(int nid, size_t size, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index 7eb38dd..471fde8 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -1594,7 +1594,7 @@ static struct page *kmem_getpages(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags,
if (memcg_charge_slab(cachep, flags, cachep->gfporder))
return NULL;
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(nodeid, flags | __GFP_NOTRACK, cachep->gfporder);
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(nodeid, flags | __GFP_NOTRACK, cachep->gfporder);
if (!page) {
memcg_uncharge_slab(cachep, cachep->gfporder);
slab_out_of_memory(cachep, flags, nodeid);
diff --git a/mm/slob.c b/mm/slob.c
index 4765f65..cfda5e2 100644
--- a/mm/slob.c
+++ b/mm/slob.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
* NUMA support in SLOB is fairly simplistic, pushing most of the real
* logic down to the page allocator, and simply doing the node accounting
* on the upper levels. In the event that a node id is explicitly
- * provided, alloc_pages_exact_node() with the specified node id is used
+ * provided, alloc_pages_prefer_node() with the specified node id is used
* instead. The common case (or when the node id isn't explicitly provided)
* will default to the current node, as per numa_node_id().
*
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ static void *slob_new_pages(gfp_t gfp, int order, int node)
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
if (node != NUMA_NO_NODE)
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, gfp, order);
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, gfp, order);
else
#endif
page = alloc_pages(gfp, order);
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 54c0876..8b10404 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -1323,7 +1323,7 @@ static inline struct page *alloc_slab_page(struct kmem_cache *s,
if (node == NUMA_NO_NODE)
page = alloc_pages(flags, order);
else
- page = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, flags, order);
+ page = alloc_pages_prefer_node(node, flags, order);
if (!page)
memcg_uncharge_slab(s, order);
--
2.4.5
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