Hi Oliver,
On 07.11.2022 22:56, Oliver Upton wrote:
> Use RCU to safely walk the stage-2 page tables in parallel. Acquire and
> release the RCU read lock when traversing the page tables. Defer the
> freeing of table memory to an RCU callback. Indirect the calls into RCU
> and provide stubs for hypervisor code, as RCU is not available in such a
> context.
>
> The RCU protection doesn't amount to much at the moment, as readers are
> already protected by the read-write lock (all walkers that free table
> memory take the write lock). Nonetheless, a subsequent change will
> futher relax the locking requirements around the stage-2 MMU, thereby
> depending on RCU.
>
> Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@xxxxxxxxx>
This patch landed in today's linux-next (20221114) as commit
c3119ae45dfb ("KVM: arm64: Protect stage-2 traversal with RCU").
Unfortunately it introduces a following warning:
--->8---
kvm [1]: IPA Size Limit: 40 bits
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at
include/linux/sched/mm.h:274
in_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 1, name: swapper/0
preempt_count: 0, expected: 0
RCU nest depth: 1, expected: 0
2 locks held by swapper/0/1:
#0: ffff80000a8a44d0 (kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at:
__create_hyp_mappings+0x80/0xc4
#1: ffff80000a927720 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:2}, at:
kvm_pgtable_walk+0x0/0x1f4
CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.1.0-rc3+ #5918
Hardware name: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B (DT)
Call trace:
dump_backtrace.part.0+0xe4/0xf0
show_stack+0x18/0x40
dump_stack_lvl+0x8c/0xb8
dump_stack+0x18/0x34
__might_resched+0x178/0x220
__might_sleep+0x48/0xa0
prepare_alloc_pages+0x178/0x1a0
__alloc_pages+0x9c/0x109c
alloc_page_interleave+0x1c/0xc4
alloc_pages+0xec/0x160
get_zeroed_page+0x1c/0x44
kvm_hyp_zalloc_page+0x14/0x20
hyp_map_walker+0xd4/0x134
kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb.isra.0+0x38/0x5c
__kvm_pgtable_walk+0x1a4/0x220
kvm_pgtable_walk+0x104/0x1f4
kvm_pgtable_hyp_map+0x80/0xc4
__create_hyp_mappings+0x9c/0xc4
kvm_mmu_init+0x144/0x1cc
kvm_arch_init+0xe4/0xef4
kvm_init+0x3c/0x3d0
arm_init+0x20/0x30
do_one_initcall+0x74/0x400
kernel_init_freeable+0x2e0/0x350
kernel_init+0x24/0x130
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
kvm [1]: Hyp mode initialized successfully
--->8----
I looks that more changes in the KVM code are needed to use RCU for that
code.
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c | 10 +++++-
> arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c | 14 +++++++-
> 3 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
> index e70cf57b719e..7634b6964779 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
> @@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ static inline u64 kvm_get_parange(u64 mmfr0)
>
> typedef u64 kvm_pte_t;
>
> +/*
> + * RCU cannot be used in a non-kernel context such as the hyp. As such, page
> + * table walkers used in hyp do not call into RCU and instead use other
> + * synchronization mechanisms (such as a spinlock).
> + */
> +#if defined(__KVM_NVHE_HYPERVISOR__) || defined(__KVM_VHE_HYPERVISOR__)
> +
> typedef kvm_pte_t *kvm_pteref_t;
>
> static inline kvm_pte_t *kvm_dereference_pteref(kvm_pteref_t pteref, bool shared)
> @@ -44,6 +51,40 @@ static inline kvm_pte_t *kvm_dereference_pteref(kvm_pteref_t pteref, bool shared
> return pteref;
> }
>
> +static inline void kvm_pgtable_walk_begin(void) {}
> +static inline void kvm_pgtable_walk_end(void) {}
> +
> +static inline bool kvm_pgtable_walk_lock_held(void)
> +{
> + return true;
> +}
> +
> +#else
> +
> +typedef kvm_pte_t __rcu *kvm_pteref_t;
> +
> +static inline kvm_pte_t *kvm_dereference_pteref(kvm_pteref_t pteref, bool shared)
> +{
> + return rcu_dereference_check(pteref, !shared);
> +}
> +
> +static inline void kvm_pgtable_walk_begin(void)
> +{
> + rcu_read_lock();
> +}
> +
> +static inline void kvm_pgtable_walk_end(void)
> +{
> + rcu_read_unlock();
> +}
> +
> +static inline bool kvm_pgtable_walk_lock_held(void)
> +{
> + return rcu_read_lock_held();
> +}
> +
> +#endif
> +
> #define KVM_PTE_VALID BIT(0)
>
> #define KVM_PTE_ADDR_MASK GENMASK(47, PAGE_SHIFT)
> @@ -202,11 +243,14 @@ struct kvm_pgtable {
> * children.
> * @KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST: Visit table entries after their
> * children.
> + * @KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_SHARED: Indicates the page-tables may be shared
> + * with other software walkers.
> */
> enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags {
> KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF = BIT(0),
> KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE = BIT(1),
> KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST = BIT(2),
> + KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_SHARED = BIT(3),
> };
>
> struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx {
> @@ -223,6 +267,11 @@ struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx {
> typedef int (*kvm_pgtable_visitor_fn_t)(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
> enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit);
>
> +static inline bool kvm_pgtable_walk_shared(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx)
> +{
> + return ctx->flags & KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_SHARED;
> +}
> +
> /**
> * struct kvm_pgtable_walker - Hook into a page-table walk.
> * @cb: Callback function to invoke during the walk.
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
> index 7c9782347570..d8d963521d4e 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
> @@ -171,6 +171,9 @@ static int kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data,
> enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
> {
> struct kvm_pgtable_walker *walker = data->walker;
> +
> + /* Ensure the appropriate lock is held (e.g. RCU lock for stage-2 MMU) */
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(kvm_pgtable_walk_shared(ctx) && !kvm_pgtable_walk_lock_held());
> return walker->cb(ctx, visit);
> }
>
> @@ -281,8 +284,13 @@ int kvm_pgtable_walk(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size,
> .end = PAGE_ALIGN(walk_data.addr + size),
> .walker = walker,
> };
> + int r;
> +
> + kvm_pgtable_walk_begin();
> + r = _kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, &walk_data);
> + kvm_pgtable_walk_end();
>
> - return _kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, &walk_data);
> + return r;
> }
>
> struct leaf_walk_data {
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
> index 73ae908eb5d9..52e042399ba5 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
> @@ -130,9 +130,21 @@ static void kvm_s2_free_pages_exact(void *virt, size_t size)
>
> static struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops kvm_s2_mm_ops;
>
> +static void stage2_free_removed_table_rcu_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
> +{
> + struct page *page = container_of(head, struct page, rcu_head);
> + void *pgtable = page_to_virt(page);
> + u32 level = page_private(page);
> +
> + kvm_pgtable_stage2_free_removed(&kvm_s2_mm_ops, pgtable, level);
> +}
> +
> static void stage2_free_removed_table(void *addr, u32 level)
> {
> - kvm_pgtable_stage2_free_removed(&kvm_s2_mm_ops, addr, level);
> + struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);
> +
> + set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)level);
> + call_rcu(&page->rcu_head, stage2_free_removed_table_rcu_cb);
> }
>
> static void kvm_host_get_page(void *addr)
Best regards
--
Marek Szyprowski, PhD
Samsung R&D Institute Poland
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