This patch adds support to enable/disable d-cache, which can be used for faster purgatory sha256 verification. We are supporting only 4K and 64K page sizes. This code will not work if a hardware is not supporting at least one of these page sizes. Therefore, D-cache is disabled by default and enabled only when "enable-dcache" is passed to the kexec(). Since this is an identity mapped system, so VA_BITS will be same as max PA bits supported. If VA_BITS <= 42 for 64K and <= 39 for 4K then only one level of page table will be there with block descriptor entries. Otherwise, For 4K mapping, TTBR points to level 0 lookups, which will have only table entries pointing to a level 1 lookup. Level 1 will have only block entries which will map 1GB block. For 64K mapping, TTBR points to level 1 lookups, which will have only table entries pointing to a level 2 lookup. Level 2 will have only block entries which will map 512MB block. If UART base address and RAM addresses are not at least 1GB and 512MB apart for 4K and 64K respectively, then mapping result could be unpredictable. In that case we need to support one more level of granularity, but until someone needs that keep it like this only. We can not allocate dynamic memory in purgatory. Therefore we keep page table allocation size fixed as (3 * MAX_PAGE_SIZE). (page_table) points to first level (having only table entries) and (page_table + MAX_PAGE_SIZE) points to table at next level (having block entries). If index for RAM area and UART area in first table is not same, then we will need another next level table which will be located at (page_table + 2 * MAX_PAGE_SIZE). Signed-off-by: Pratyush Anand <panand at redhat.com> --- purgatory/arch/arm64/Makefile | 2 + purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S | 186 ++++++++++++++++++++++ purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c | 330 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.h | 79 ++++++++++ 4 files changed, 597 insertions(+) create mode 100644 purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S create mode 100644 purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c create mode 100644 purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.h diff --git a/purgatory/arch/arm64/Makefile b/purgatory/arch/arm64/Makefile index 636abeab17b2..0f80f8165d90 100644 --- a/purgatory/arch/arm64/Makefile +++ b/purgatory/arch/arm64/Makefile @@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ arm64_PURGATORY_EXTRA_CFLAGS = \ arm64_PURGATORY_SRCS += \ purgatory/arch/arm64/entry.S \ + purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S \ + purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c \ purgatory/arch/arm64/purgatory-arm64.c dist += \ diff --git a/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..bef97ef48888 --- /dev/null +++ b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache-asm.S @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ +/* + * Some of the routines have been copied from Linux Kernel, therefore + * copying the license as well. + * + * Copyright (C) 2001 Deep Blue Solutions Ltd. + * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd. + * Copyright (C) 2015 Pratyush Anand <panand at redhat.com> + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as + * published by the Free Software Foundation. + * + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + * GNU General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. + */ + +#include "cache.h" + +/* + * dcache_line_size - get the minimum D-cache line size from the CTR register. + */ + .macro dcache_line_size, reg, tmp + mrs \tmp, ctr_el0 // read CTR + ubfm \tmp, \tmp, #16, #19 // cache line size encoding + mov \reg, #4 // bytes per word + lsl \reg, \reg, \tmp // actual cache line size + .endm + +/* + * inval_cache_range(start, end) + * - x0 - start - start address of region + * - x1 - end - end address of region + */ +.globl inval_cache_range +inval_cache_range: + dcache_line_size x2, x3 + sub x3, x2, #1 + tst x1, x3 // end cache line aligned? + bic x1, x1, x3 + b.eq 1f + dc civac, x1 // clean & invalidate D / U line +1: tst x0, x3 // start cache line aligned? + bic x0, x0, x3 + b.eq 2f + dc civac, x0 // clean & invalidate D / U line + b 3f +2: dc ivac, x0 // invalidate D / U line +3: add x0, x0, x2 + cmp x0, x1 + b.lo 2b + dsb sy + ret +/* + * flush_dcache_range(start, end) + * - x0 - start - start address of region + * - x1 - end - end address of region + * + */ +.globl flush_dcache_range +flush_dcache_range: + dcache_line_size x2, x3 + sub x3, x2, #1 + bic x0, x0, x3 +1: dc civac, x0 // clean & invalidate D line / unified line + add x0, x0, x2 + cmp x0, x1 + b.lo 1b + dsb sy + ret + +/* + * invalidate_tlbs_el1() + */ +.globl invalidate_tlbs_el1 +invalidate_tlbs_el1: + dsb nshst + tlbi vmalle1 + dsb nsh + isb + ret + +/* + * invalidate_tlbs_el2() + */ +.globl invalidate_tlbs_el2 +invalidate_tlbs_el2: + dsb nshst + tlbi alle2 + dsb nsh + isb + ret + +/* + * get_mm_feature_reg0_val - Get information about supported MM + * features + */ +.globl get_mm_feature_reg0_val +get_mm_feature_reg0_val: + mrs x0, ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 + ret + +/* + * get_current_el - Get information about current exception level + */ +.globl get_current_el +get_current_el: + mrs x0, CurrentEL + lsr x0, x0, #2 + ret + +/* + * invalidate_icache - Invalidate I-cache + */ +.globl invalidate_icache +invalidate_icache: + ic iallu + dsb nsh + isb + ret + +/* + * set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el1(page_table, tcr_flags) - sets MAIR, TCR , TTBR and SCTLR registers + * x0 - page_table - Page Table Base + * x1 - tcr_flags - TCR Flags to be set + */ +.globl set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el1 +set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el1: + ldr x2, =MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES + msr mair_el1, x2 + msr tcr_el1, x1 + msr ttbr0_el1, x0 + isb + mrs x0, sctlr_el1 + ldr x3, =SCTLR_ELx_FLAGS + orr x0, x0, x3 + msr sctlr_el1, x0 + isb + ret + +/* + * set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el2(page_table, tcr_flags) - sets MAIR, TCR , TTBR and SCTLR registers + * x0 - page_table - Page Table Base + * x1 - tcr_flags - TCR Flags to be set + */ +.globl set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el2 +set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el2: + ldr x2, =MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES + msr mair_el2, x2 + msr tcr_el2, x1 + msr ttbr0_el2, x0 + isb + mrs x0, sctlr_el2 + ldr x3, =SCTLR_ELx_FLAGS + orr x0, x0, x3 + msr sctlr_el2, x0 + isb + ret + +/* + * reset_sctlr_el1 - disables cache and mmu + */ +.globl reset_sctlr_el1 +reset_sctlr_el1: + mrs x0, sctlr_el1 + bic x0, x0, #SCTLR_ELx_C + bic x0, x0, #SCTLR_ELx_M + msr sctlr_el1, x0 + isb + ret + +/* + * reset_sctlr_el2 - disables cache and mmu + */ +.globl reset_sctlr_el2 +reset_sctlr_el2: + mrs x0, sctlr_el2 + bic x0, x0, #SCTLR_ELx_C + bic x0, x0, #SCTLR_ELx_M + msr sctlr_el2, x0 + isb + ret diff --git a/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..3c7e058ccf11 --- /dev/null +++ b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.c @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2015 Pratyush Anand <panand at redhat.com> + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as + * published by the Free Software Foundation. + * + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + * GNU General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. + */ + +/* We are supporting only 4K and 64K page sizes. This code will not work if + * a hardware is not supporting at least one of these page sizes. + * Therefore, D-cache is disabled by default and enabled only when + * "enable-dcache" is passed to the kexec(). + * Since this is an identity mapped system, so VA_BITS will be same as max + * PA bits supported. If VA_BITS <= 42 for 64K and <= 39 for 4K then only + * one level of page table will be there with block descriptor entries. + * Otherwise, For 4K mapping, TTBR points to level 0 lookups, which will + * have only table entries pointing to a level 1 lookup. Level 1 will have + * only block entries which will map 1GB block.For 64K mapping, TTBR points + * to level 1 lookups, which will have only table entries pointing to a + * level 2 lookup. Level 2 will have only block entries which will map + * 512MB block. If UART base address and RAM addresses are not at least 1GB + * and 512MB apart for 4K and 64K respectively, then mapping result could + * be unpredictable. In that case we need to support one more level of + * granularity, but until someone needs that keep it like this only. + * We can not allocate dynamic memory in purgatory. Therefore we keep page + * table allocation size fixed as (3 * MAX_PAGE_SIZE). (page_table) points + * to first level (having only table entries) and (page_table + + * MAX_PAGE_SIZE) points to table at next level (having block entries). If + * index for RAM area and UART area in first table is not same, then we + * will need another next level table which will be located at (page_table + * + 2 * MAX_PAGE_SIZE). + */ + +#include <stdint.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <purgatory.h> +#include "cache.h" + +static uint64_t page_shift; +static uint64_t pgtable_level; +static uint64_t va_bits; + +static uint64_t page_table[PAGE_TABLE_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t)] __attribute__ ((aligned (MAX_PAGE_SIZE))) = { }; +static uint64_t page_table_used; + +#define PAGE_SIZE (1 << page_shift) +/* + * is_4k_page_supported - return true if 4k page is supported else + * false + */ +static int is_4k_page_supported(void) +{ + return ((get_mm_feature_reg0_val() & ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_MASK) == + ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED); +} + +/* + * is_64k_page_supported - return true if 64k page is supported else + * false + */ +static int is_64k_page_supported(void) +{ + return ((get_mm_feature_reg0_val() & ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_MASK) == + ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED); +} + +/* + * get_ips_bits - return supported IPS bits + */ +static uint64_t get_ips_bits(void) +{ + return ((get_mm_feature_reg0_val() & ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_MASK) >> + ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_SHIFT); +} + +/* + * get_va_bits - return supported VA bits (For identity mapping VA = PA) + */ +static uint64_t get_va_bits(void) +{ + uint64_t ips = get_ips_bits(); + + switch(ips) { + case ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_48: + return 48; + case ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_44: + return 44; + case ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_42: + return 42; + case ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_40: + return 40; + case ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_36: + return 36; + default: + return 32; + } +} + +/* + * get_section_shift - get block shift for supported page size + */ +static uint64_t get_section_shift(void) +{ + if (page_shift == 16) + return 29; + else if(page_shift == 12) + return 30; + else + return 0; +} + +/* + * get_section_mask - get section mask for supported page size + */ +static uint64_t get_section_mask(void) +{ + if (page_shift == 16) + return 0x1FFF; + else if(page_shift == 12) + return 0x1FF; + else + return 0; +} + +/* + * get_pgdir_shift - get pgdir shift for supported page size + */ +static uint64_t get_pgdir_shift(void) +{ + if (page_shift == 16) + return 42; + else if(page_shift == 12) + return 39; + else + return 0; +} + +/* + * init_page_table - Initializes page table locations + */ + +static void init_page_table(void) +{ + /* + * Invalidate the page tables to avoid potential dirty cache lines + * being evicted. + */ + + inval_cache_range((uint64_t)page_table, + (uint64_t)page_table + PAGE_TABLE_SIZE); + memset(page_table, 0, PAGE_TABLE_SIZE); +} +/* + * create_identity_mapping(start, end, flags) + * start - start address + * end - end address + * flags - MMU Flags for Normal or Device type memory + */ +static void create_identity_mapping(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, + uint64_t flags) +{ + uint32_t sec_shift, pgdir_shift, sec_mask; + uint64_t desc, s1, e1, s2, e2; + uint64_t *table2; + + s1 = start; + e1 = end - 1; + + sec_shift = get_section_shift(); + if (pgtable_level == 1) { + s1 >>= sec_shift; + e1 >>= sec_shift; + do { + desc = s1 << sec_shift; + desc |= flags; + page_table[s1] = desc; + s1++; + } while (s1 <= e1); + } else { + pgdir_shift = get_pgdir_shift(); + sec_mask = get_section_mask(); + s1 >>= pgdir_shift; + e1 >>= pgdir_shift; + do { + /* + * If there is no table entry then write a new + * entry else, use old entry + */ + if (!page_table[s1]) { + table2 = &page_table[(++page_table_used * + MAX_PAGE_SIZE) / + sizeof(uint64_t)]; + desc = (uint64_t)table2 | PMD_TYPE_TABLE; + page_table[s1] = desc; + } else { + table2 = (uint64_t *)(page_table[s1] & + ~PMD_TYPE_MASK); + } + s1++; + s2 = start >> sec_shift; + s2 &= sec_mask; + e2 = (end - 1) >> sec_shift; + e2 &= sec_mask; + do { + desc = s2 << sec_shift; + desc |= flags; + table2[s2] = desc; + s2++; + } while (s2 <= e2); + } while (s1 <= e1); + } +} + +/* + * enable_mmu_dcache: Enable mmu and D-cache in sctlr_el1 + */ +static void enable_mmu_dcache(void) +{ + uint64_t tcr_flags = TCR_FLAGS | TCR_T0SZ(va_bits); + + switch(page_shift) { + case 16: + tcr_flags |= TCR_TG0_64K; + break; + case 12: + tcr_flags |= TCR_TG0_4K; + break; + default: + printf("page shift not supported\n"); + return; + } + /* + * Since the page tables have been populated with non-cacheable + * accesses (MMU disabled), invalidate the page tables to remove + * any speculatively loaded cache lines. + */ + inval_cache_range((uint64_t)page_table, + (uint64_t)page_table + PAGE_TABLE_SIZE); + + switch(get_current_el()) { + case 2: + invalidate_tlbs_el2(); + tcr_flags |= (get_ips_bits() << TCR_PS_EL2_SHIFT); + set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el2((uint64_t)page_table, tcr_flags); + break; + case 1: + invalidate_tlbs_el1(); + tcr_flags |= (get_ips_bits() << TCR_IPS_EL1_SHIFT); + set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el1((uint64_t)page_table, tcr_flags); + break; + default: + return; + } + invalidate_icache(); +} + +/* + * enable_dcache: Enable D-cache and set appropriate attributes + * ram_start - Start address of RAM + * ram_end - End address of RAM + * uart_base - Base address of uart + */ +int enable_dcache(uint64_t ram_start, uint64_t ram_end, uint64_t uart_base) +{ + va_bits = get_va_bits(); + + page_table_used = 0; + if (is_64k_page_supported()) { + page_shift = 16; + if (va_bits <= 42) + pgtable_level = 1; + else + pgtable_level = 2; + } else if (is_4k_page_supported()) { + page_shift = 12; + if (va_bits <= 39) + pgtable_level = 1; + else + pgtable_level = 2; + } else { + printf("Valid Page Granule not supported by hardware\n"); + return -1; + } + init_page_table(); + create_identity_mapping(ram_start, ram_end, MM_MMUFLAGS_NORMAL); + printf("Normal identity mapping created from %lx to %lx\n", + ram_start, ram_end); + if (uart_base) { + create_identity_mapping((uint64_t)uart_base, + (uint64_t)uart_base + PAGE_SIZE, + MM_MMUFLAGS_DEVICE); + printf("Device identity mapping created from %lx to %lx\n", + (uint64_t)uart_base, + (uint64_t)uart_base + PAGE_SIZE); + } + enable_mmu_dcache(); + printf("Cache Enabled\n"); + + return 0; +} + +/* + * disable_dcache: Disable D-cache and flush RAM locations + * ram_start - Start address of RAM + * ram_end - End address of RAM + */ +void disable_dcache(uint64_t ram_start, uint64_t ram_end) +{ + switch(get_current_el()) { + case 2: + reset_sctlr_el2(); + break; + case 1: + reset_sctlr_el1(); + break; + default: + return; + } + invalidate_icache(); + flush_dcache_range(ram_start, ram_end); + printf("Cache Disabled\n"); +} diff --git a/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.h b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..c988020566e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/purgatory/arch/arm64/cache.h @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +#ifndef __CACHE_H__ +#define __CACHE_H__ + +#define MT_DEVICE_NGNRNE 0 +#define MT_DEVICE_NGNRE 1 +#define MT_DEVICE_GRE 2 +#define MT_NORMAL_NC 3 +#define MT_NORMAL 4 + +#ifndef __ASSEMBLER__ + +#define MAX_PAGE_SIZE 0x10000 +#define PAGE_TABLE_SIZE (3 * MAX_PAGE_SIZE) +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SHIFT 24 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SHIFT 28 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_MASK (0xFUL << ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SHIFT) +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_MASK (0xFUL << ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SHIFT) +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED 0x0 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED 0x0 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_SHIFT 0 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_MASK (0xFUL << ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_SHIFT) +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_48 0x5 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_44 0x4 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_42 0x3 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_40 0x2 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_36 0x1 +#define ID_AA64MMFR0_PARANGE_32 0x0 + +#define TCR_TG0_64K (1UL << 14) +#define TCR_TG0_4K (0UL << 14) +#define TCR_SHARED_NONE (0UL << 12) +#define TCR_ORGN_WBWA (1UL << 10) +#define TCR_IRGN_WBWA (1UL << 8) +#define TCR_IPS_EL1_SHIFT 32 +#define TCR_PS_EL2_SHIFT 16 +#define TCR_T0SZ(x) ((unsigned long)(64 - (x)) << 0) +#define TCR_FLAGS (TCR_SHARED_NONE | TCR_ORGN_WBWA | TCR_IRGN_WBWA) + +#define PMD_TYPE_SECT (1UL << 0) +#define PMD_TYPE_TABLE (3UL << 0) +#define PMD_TYPE_MASK 0x3 +#define PMD_SECT_AF (1UL << 10) +#define PMD_ATTRINDX(t) ((unsigned long)(t) << 2) +#define PMD_FLAGS_NORMAL (PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AF) +#define PMD_SECT_PXN (1UL << 53) +#define PMD_SECT_UXN (1UL << 54) +#define PMD_FLAGS_DEVICE (PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AF | PMD_SECT_PXN | PMD_SECT_UXN) +#define MM_MMUFLAGS_NORMAL PMD_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL) | PMD_FLAGS_NORMAL +#define MM_MMUFLAGS_DEVICE PMD_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_NGNRE) | PMD_FLAGS_DEVICE + +void disable_dcache(uint64_t ram_start, uint64_t ram_end); +int enable_dcache(uint64_t ram_start, uint64_t ram_end, uint64_t uart_base); +uint64_t get_mm_feature_reg0_val(void); +void inval_cache_range(uint64_t start, uint64_t end); +void flush_dcache_range(uint64_t start, uint64_t end); +uint64_t get_current_el(void); +void set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el1(uint64_t page_table, uint64_t tcr_flags); +void set_mair_tcr_ttbr_sctlr_el2(uint64_t page_table, uint64_t tcr_flags); +void invalidate_tlbs_el1(void); +void invalidate_tlbs_el2(void); +void invalidate_icache(void); +void reset_sctlr_el1(void); +void reset_sctlr_el2(void); +#else +#define MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES ((0x00 << (MT_DEVICE_NGNRNE*8)) | \ + (0x04 << (MT_DEVICE_NGNRE*8)) | \ + (0x0C << (MT_DEVICE_GRE*8)) | \ + (0x44 << (MT_NORMAL_NC*8)) | \ + (0xFF << (MT_NORMAL*8))) + +/* Common SCTLR_ELx flags. */ +#define SCTLR_ELx_I (1 << 12) +#define SCTLR_ELx_C (1 << 2) +#define SCTLR_ELx_M (1 << 0) + +#define SCTLR_ELx_FLAGS (SCTLR_ELx_M | SCTLR_ELx_C | SCTLR_ELx_I) + +#endif +#endif -- 2.7.4
