From: Nadav Amit <namit@xxxxxxxxxx> [ Upstream commit f2c65fb3221adc6b73b0549fc7ba892022db9797 ] When modules and BPF filters are loaded, there is a time window in which some memory is both writable and executable. An attacker that has already found another vulnerability (e.g., a dangling pointer) might be able to exploit this behavior to overwrite kernel code. Prevent having writable executable PTEs in this stage. In addition, avoiding having W+X mappings can also slightly simplify the patching of modules code on initialization (e.g., by alternatives and static-key), as would be done in the next patch. This was actually the main motivation for this patch. To avoid having W+X mappings, set them initially as RW (NX) and after they are set as RO set them as X as well. Setting them as executable is done as a separate step to avoid one core in which the old PTE is cached (hence writable), and another which sees the updated PTE (executable), which would break the W^X protection. Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@xxxxxxxxxx> Signed-off-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@xxxxxxxxx> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <ard.biesheuvel@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <deneen.t.dock@xxxxxxxxx> Cc: <kernel-hardening@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <kristen@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <linux_dti@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: <will.deacon@xxxxxxx> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@xxxxxxxxx> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@xxxxxxxxx> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@xxxxxxxxx> Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@xxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@xxxxxxxxxxx> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190426001143.4983-12-namit@xxxxxxxxxx Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@xxxxxxxxxx> --- arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++------- arch/x86/kernel/module.c | 2 +- include/linux/filter.h | 1 + kernel/module.c | 5 +++++ 4 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c index ebeac487a20c7..2db985513917a 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c @@ -666,15 +666,29 @@ void __init alternative_instructions(void) * handlers seeing an inconsistent instruction while you patch. */ void *__init_or_module text_poke_early(void *addr, const void *opcode, - size_t len) + size_t len) { unsigned long flags; - local_irq_save(flags); - memcpy(addr, opcode, len); - local_irq_restore(flags); - sync_core(); - /* Could also do a CLFLUSH here to speed up CPU recovery; but - that causes hangs on some VIA CPUs. */ + + if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NX) && + is_module_text_address((unsigned long)addr)) { + /* + * Modules text is marked initially as non-executable, so the + * code cannot be running and speculative code-fetches are + * prevented. Just change the code. + */ + memcpy(addr, opcode, len); + } else { + local_irq_save(flags); + memcpy(addr, opcode, len); + local_irq_restore(flags); + sync_core(); + + /* + * Could also do a CLFLUSH here to speed up CPU recovery; but + * that causes hangs on some VIA CPUs. + */ + } return addr; } diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/module.c b/arch/x86/kernel/module.c index b052e883dd8cc..cfa3106faee42 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/module.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/module.c @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ void *module_alloc(unsigned long size) p = __vmalloc_node_range(size, MODULE_ALIGN, MODULES_VADDR + get_module_load_offset(), MODULES_END, GFP_KERNEL, - PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC, 0, NUMA_NO_NODE, + PAGE_KERNEL, 0, NUMA_NO_NODE, __builtin_return_address(0)); if (p && (kasan_module_alloc(p, size) < 0)) { vfree(p); diff --git a/include/linux/filter.h b/include/linux/filter.h index 3358646a8e7a7..42513fa6846c9 100644 --- a/include/linux/filter.h +++ b/include/linux/filter.h @@ -709,6 +709,7 @@ static inline void bpf_prog_unlock_ro(struct bpf_prog *fp) static inline void bpf_jit_binary_lock_ro(struct bpf_binary_header *hdr) { set_memory_ro((unsigned long)hdr, hdr->pages); + set_memory_x((unsigned long)hdr, hdr->pages); } static inline void bpf_jit_binary_unlock_ro(struct bpf_binary_header *hdr) diff --git a/kernel/module.c b/kernel/module.c index 2ad1b52399109..ae1b77da6a200 100644 --- a/kernel/module.c +++ b/kernel/module.c @@ -1950,8 +1950,13 @@ void module_enable_ro(const struct module *mod, bool after_init) return; frob_text(&mod->core_layout, set_memory_ro); + frob_text(&mod->core_layout, set_memory_x); + frob_rodata(&mod->core_layout, set_memory_ro); + frob_text(&mod->init_layout, set_memory_ro); + frob_text(&mod->init_layout, set_memory_x); + frob_rodata(&mod->init_layout, set_memory_ro); if (after_init) -- 2.20.1
