On Tue, Feb 26, 2019 at 03:36:45PM -0800, Kees Cook wrote: > static inline void native_write_cr0(unsigned long val) > { > - asm volatile("mov %0,%%cr0": : "r" (val), "m" (__force_order)); > + bool warn = false; > + > +again: > + val |= X86_CR0_WP; > + /* > + * In order to have the compiler not optimize away the check > + * in the WARN_ONCE(), mark "val" as being also an output ("+r") This comment is now slightly out of date: the check is no longer "in the WARN_ONCE()". Ditto about the comment for CR4. > + * by this asm() block so it will perform an explicit check, as > + * if it were "volatile". > + */ > + asm volatile("mov %0,%%cr0": "+r" (val) : "m" (__force_order) : ); > + /* > + * If the MOV above was used directly as a ROP gadget we can > + * notice the lack of pinned bits in "val" and start the function > + * from the beginning to gain the WP bit for sure. And do it > + * without first taking the exception for a WARN(). > + */ > + if ((val & X86_CR0_WP) != X86_CR0_WP) { > + warn = true; > + goto again; > + } > + WARN_ONCE(warn, "Attempt to unpin X86_CR0_WP, cr0 bypass attack?!\n"); > } Alexander