hi exceedingly esteemed friend glen :) thanks for overly lucid clues. >> o what would the technical and/or security exposure or other >> downside(s) be of doing so? > > Removing the rules would increase the load on Spamassassin and - for > that subset of those 1000 messages per day that pass through > Spamassassin's upper threshhold - cause us to send out challenge > emails to the (potentially forged) senders of all of those emails. /me does not like. path to pain. randy